Rao Jianing, Zhang Zhiguang, Wang Yuanming, Wei Qi, Chen Guoqing, Li Xintong, Liang Ruifeng, Li Kefeng
State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
Beijing Engineering Corporation Limited, Power Construction Corporation of China, Beijing 100024, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Jun 19;15(12):1819. doi: 10.3390/ani15121819.
Swimming is crucial to fish survival and reproduction, and is usually influenced by species, morphology, habitat environment and physiological condition. Understanding the changes in fish swimming ability and identifying the driving factors behind these changes is vital. In this study, seven endemic fish species from the Qingshui River, an important tributary of the upper Pearl River in Southwest China, were used to explore the effects of biological and environmental factors on fish swimming ability. The results indicated that the body length parameters had a minimal effect on the induced swimming speed (U) but played a positive role in critical and burst swimming ability (U and U). Weight (W) and W/SL (the ratio of weight to standard body length) correlated more highly with swimming ability than body length parameters. Fish preferring the lotic environment exhibited higher U and U, and fish with a streamlined morphology had a smaller U. The U, U/SL, U/W and U/(W/SL) of (Regan, 1907) and (Cui & Chu, 1986) were significantly higher during the spawning period. (Regan, 1904) performed better during the spawning period in U and U/SL. The U of fish during the spawning period was smaller than that during the non-spawning period. Generally, the species difference had the greatest contribution to the swimming ability difference, followed by environmental conditions and fish morphology.
游泳对鱼类的生存和繁殖至关重要，通常受物种、形态、栖息地环境和生理状况的影响。了解鱼类游泳能力的变化并确定这些变化背后的驱动因素至关重要。在本研究中，选取了中国西南部珠江上游重要支流清水河的七种特有鱼类，以探究生物和环境因素对鱼类游泳能力的影响。结果表明，体长参数对诱导游泳速度（U）的影响最小，但对临界游泳能力和爆发游泳能力（Ucrit和Uburst）具有积极作用。体重（W）和W/SL（体重与标准体长之比）与游泳能力的相关性比体长参数更高。偏好流水环境的鱼类表现出更高的Ucrit和Uburst，形态呈流线型的鱼类Ucrit较小。中华倒刺鲃（Regan，1907）和光倒刺鲃（Cui & Chu，1986）在繁殖期的Ucrit、Ucrit/SL、Uburst/W和Uburst/(W/SL)显著更高。斑鳠（Regan，1904）在繁殖期的Ucrit和Ucrit/SL表现更好。鱼类在繁殖期的Uburst小于非繁殖期。一般来说，物种差异对游泳能力差异的贡献最大，其次是环境条件和鱼类形态。
