Prasertsakul Buddhaporn, Sitthikarnkha Phanthila, Ngamjarus Chetta, Jakeaw Chaniya, Sutra Sumitr
Department of Pediatrics, Chum Phae Hospital, Khon Kaen 40130, Thailand.
The Office of Disease Prevention and Control Region 7, Department of Disease Control, Ministry of Public Health, Khon Kaen 40000, Thailand.
Children (Basel). 2025 May 24;12(6):678. doi: 10.3390/children12060678.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: After pandemic of COVID-19, there were increased the incidence of Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C), as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). However, it remains unclear which specific factors link MIS-C to COVID-19 following infection. This study aims to investigate the factors associated with MIS-C in children infected with COVID-19.
A multicenter-matched case-control study was conducted across Chum Phae, Khon Kaen, and Srinagarind Hospitals, Thailand. We included patients under 21 years old from those hospitals from January 2021 to February 2024. The cases were patients diagnosed with MIS-C, while the controls had a history of COVID-19 infection but had not been diagnosed with MIS-C at least 3 months post-infection. The matching criteria for cases and controls, in a 1:2 ratio, included gender and age. The association between various factors and MIS-C was examined using conditional logistic regression.
A total of 34 MIS-C cases were matched with 68 controls. We found that antiviral therapy administered during COVID-19 infection was linked to a reduced risk of MIS-C development, with an adjusted odds ratio of 0.06 (95% CI: 0.02-0.20). However, this study found no association between COVID-19 vaccination and nutritional status in the development of MIS-C.
The administration of antiviral treatment during COVID-19 infection was associated with a diminished incidence of MIS-C.
背景/目的：据美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）报告，在新冠疫情之后，儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）的发病率有所上升。然而，目前仍不清楚在感染新冠病毒后，哪些特定因素将MIS-C与新冠病毒联系起来。本研究旨在调查感染新冠病毒的儿童中与MIS-C相关的因素。
在泰国春蓬、孔敬和诗里拉琳医院开展了一项多中心匹配病例对照研究。我们纳入了2021年1月至2024年2月期间来自这些医院的21岁以下患者。病例为被诊断为MIS-C的患者，而对照为有新冠病毒感染史但在感染后至少3个月未被诊断为MIS-C的患者。病例与对照按1:2的比例进行匹配，匹配标准包括性别和年龄。使用条件逻辑回归分析各种因素与MIS-C之间的关联。
共34例MIS-C病例与68例对照进行了匹配。我们发现，在新冠病毒感染期间进行抗病毒治疗与MIS-C发生风险降低有关，调整后的比值比为0.06（95%置信区间：0.02-0.20）。然而，本研究未发现新冠病毒疫苗接种和营养状况与MIS-C发生之间存在关联。
在新冠病毒感染期间进行抗病毒治疗与MIS-C发病率降低有关。
