Szpila Gabriela, Szczotka Julia, Suchodolski Alexander, Szulik Mariola
4. Military Clinical Hospital with Polyclinic SP ZOZ in Wroclaw, 53-114 Wroclaw, Poland.
Doctoral School, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2025 Jun 8;15(12):1458. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics15121458.
Endometriosis, traditionally viewed as a gynecological disorder, is increasingly recognized as a systemic disease with significant cardiovascular implications. Recent studies suggest that women with endometriosis are at higher risk for developing atherosclerosis and other cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), due to chronic systemic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and metabolic disturbances. This review aimed to summarize current evidence on the vascular implications of endometriosis. A literature search was conducted in PubMed and Google Scholar, focusing on studies exploring the relationship between endometriosis and cardiovascular risk. In rare cases, endometriosis can affect extrapelvic locations such as the diaphragm or pericardium, presenting with cyclical chest pain or dyspnea and mimicking cardiopulmonary conditions. These atypical manifestations often delay diagnosis and highlight the need for heightened clinical awareness. Advances in imaging and minimally invasive techniques, including robotic surgery, have improved the detection and management of such presentations. Shared molecular pathways between endometriosis and CVDs, including pro-inflammatory cytokines and metabolic dysregulation, provide a rationale for exploring novel therapeutic approaches. Emerging pharmacologic options such as statins, metformin, or antiplatelet agents may offer dual benefits for both reproductive and cardiovascular health. Given the multifactorial nature of endometriosis, a multidisciplinary approach involving gynecologists, cardiologists, and primary care providers is essential. These findings highlight the need for early cardiovascular risk assessment and tailored preventive strategies in this population.
子宫内膜异位症传统上被视为一种妇科疾病，但现在越来越被认为是一种具有重大心血管影响的全身性疾病。最近的研究表明，由于慢性全身炎症、内皮功能障碍、氧化应激和代谢紊乱，患有子宫内膜异位症的女性患动脉粥样硬化和其他心血管疾病（CVD）的风险更高。本综述旨在总结目前关于子宫内膜异位症血管影响的证据。在PubMed和谷歌学术上进行了文献检索，重点是探索子宫内膜异位症与心血管风险之间关系的研究。在罕见情况下，子宫内膜异位症可影响盆腔外部位，如膈肌或心包，表现为周期性胸痛或呼吸困难，类似心肺疾病。这些非典型表现常常延误诊断，并突出了提高临床意识的必要性。包括机器人手术在内的成像和微创技术的进步，改善了对此类表现的检测和管理。子宫内膜异位症和心血管疾病之间共享的分子途径，包括促炎细胞因子和代谢失调，为探索新的治疗方法提供了理论依据。他汀类药物、二甲双胍或抗血小板药物等新兴药物选择可能对生殖和心血管健康都有双重益处。鉴于子宫内膜异位症的多因素性质，涉及妇科医生、心脏病专家和初级保健提供者的多学科方法至关重要。这些发现突出了对该人群进行早期心血管风险评估和量身定制预防策略的必要性。
