Chuquizuta Tony, Lobato Cesar, Zirena Vilca Franz, Huamán-Castilla Nils Leander, Castro Wilson, Castro-Giraldez Marta, Fito Pedro J, Chavez Segundo G, Arteaga Hubert
Instituto de Investigación del Mejoramiento Productivo, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota, Chota 06120, Peru.
Instituto Universitario de Ingeniería de Alimentos Food UPV, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Foods. 2025 Jun 10;14(12):2045. doi: 10.3390/foods14122045.
The utilization of magnetic fields in agricultural contexts has been demonstrated to exert a beneficial effect on various aspects of crop development, including germination, growth, and yield. The present study investigates the impact of magnetic biostimulation on seeds of purple maize ( L.), variety INIA 601, cultivated in Cajamarca, Peru, with a particular focus on their physical characteristics, yield, bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity. The results demonstrated that seeds treated with pulsed (8 mT at 30 Hz for 30 min) and static (50 mT for 30 min) magnetic fields exhibited significantly longer cobs (16.89 and 16.53 cm, respectively) compared with the untreated control (15.79 cm). Furthermore, the application of these magnetic fields resulted in enhanced antioxidant activity in the bract, although the untreated samples exhibited higher values (110.56 µg/mL) compared with the pulsed (91.82 µg/mL) and static (89.61 µg/mL) treatments. The geographical origin of the samples had a significant effect on the physical development and the amount of total phenols, especially the antioxidant activity in the coronet and bract. Furthermore, a total of fourteen phenols were identified in various parts of the purple maize, with procyanidin B2 found in high concentrations in the bract and crown. Conversely, epicatechin, kaempferol, vanillin, and resveratrol were found in lower concentrations. These findings underscore the phenolic diversity of INIA 601 purple maize and its potential application in the food and pharmaceutical industries, suggesting that magnetic biostimulation could be an effective tool to improve the nutritional and antioxidant properties of crops.
在农业环境中利用磁场已被证明对作物发育的各个方面都有有益影响，包括发芽、生长和产量。本研究调查了磁生物刺激对秘鲁卡哈马卡种植的紫玉米（L.）品种INIA 601种子的影响，特别关注其物理特性、产量、生物活性化合物和抗氧化活性。结果表明，与未处理的对照（15.79厘米）相比，经脉冲（30赫兹下8毫特斯拉，持续30分钟）和静态（50毫特斯拉，持续30分钟）磁场处理的种子穗显著更长（分别为16.89厘米和16.53厘米）。此外，这些磁场的应用导致苞叶中的抗氧化活性增强，尽管未处理的样品（110.56微克/毫升）与脉冲处理（91.82微克/毫升）和静态处理（89.61微克/毫升）相比具有更高的值。样品的地理来源对物理发育和总酚含量有显著影响，特别是在冠毛和苞叶中的抗氧化活性。此外，在紫玉米的各个部位共鉴定出14种酚类物质，并在苞叶和冠部中发现高浓度的原花青素B2。相反，表儿茶素、山奈酚、香草醛和白藜芦醇的浓度较低。这些发现强调了INIA 601紫玉米的酚类多样性及其在食品和制药行业的潜在应用，表明磁生物刺激可能是改善作物营养和抗氧化特性的有效工具。
