Liu Jingyi, Sun Jun, Wang Yasong, Liu Xin, Zhang Yingjie, Fu Haijun
School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Foods. 2025 Jun 19;14(12):2137. doi: 10.3390/foods14122137.
Fruit quality testing plays a crucial role in the advancement of fruit industry, which is related to market competitiveness, consumer satisfaction and production process optimization. In recent years, nondestructive testing technology has become a research hotspot due to its outstanding advantages. In this paper, the principle, application, advantages and disadvantages of optical, acoustic, electromagnetics, dielectric properties research and electronic nose non-destructive testing technology in fruit quality testing are systematically reviewed. These technologies can detect a variety of chemical components of fruit, realize the assessment of maturity, damage degree, disease degree, and are suitable for orchard picking, quality grading, shelf life prediction and other fields. However, there are limitations to these techniques. The optical, acoustic and electronic nose technologies are susceptible to environmental factors, the electromagnetic technology has defects in the detection of complex molecules and fruit internal quality, and the dielectric characteristics are greatly affected by the shape and state of the sample surface. In the future, efforts should be made to enhance the implementation of non-destructive testing technology in the fruit industry through technology integration, optimization algorithm, cost reduction, and expansion of industrial chain application, so as to help the premium growth of the fruit industry.
水果品质检测在水果产业发展中起着至关重要的作用，它关乎市场竞争力、消费者满意度以及生产过程优化。近年来，无损检测技术因其突出优势成为研究热点。本文系统综述了光学、声学、电磁学、介电特性研究及电子鼻无损检测技术在水果品质检测中的原理、应用、优缺点。这些技术能够检测水果的多种化学成分，实现对成熟度、损伤程度、病害程度的评估，适用于果园采摘、品质分级、货架期预测等领域。然而，这些技术存在局限性。光学、声学和电子鼻技术易受环境因素影响，电磁技术在检测复杂分子和水果内部品质方面存在缺陷，介电特性受样品表面形状和状态影响较大。未来，应通过技术集成、优化算法、降低成本以及拓展产业链应用等方式，加强无损检测技术在水果产业中的应用，以助力水果产业优质发展。
