Nur'amalia Riskah, Kato Mayumi, Yokogawa Masami, Taniguchi Yoshimi, Irwan Andi Masyitha
Doctoral Course of Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 9200942, Japan.
Department of Physiotherapy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2025 Jun 6;22(6):906. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22060906.
Falls are more prevalent in older women than in older men; however, few structural equation analysis studies have focused on the factors contributing to falls in this population, particularly in Asian regions such as Indonesia. This study aimed to investigate the direct and indirect associations among fall-related factors in community-dwelling older women. This cross-sectional study enrolled 90 community-dwelling older women aged ≥ 60 years from August to September 2023. Data collection included structured questionnaires on fall incidence as a sociodemographic variable, fear of falling, and gait efficacy, as well as physical measurements of physical function and the amount of physical activity. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized pathways among the variables. The results showed that physical function (β = 0.233, = 0.02), gait efficacy (β = -0.318, = 0.001), and amount of physical activity (β = -0.243, = 0.009) were directly associated with fall incidence. Physical function (β = 0.152) and fear of falling (β = 0.183) were indirectly associated with fall incidence through the mediation of gait efficacy and the amount of physical activity. Furthermore, the amount of physical activity was directly associated with high physical function (β = -0.236, = 0.038). These findings suggest that, in addition to improving physical function and activity levels, older women require psychometric interventions to prevent falls.
跌倒在老年女性中比在老年男性中更为普遍；然而，很少有结构方程分析研究关注导致该人群跌倒的因素，特别是在印度尼西亚等亚洲地区。本研究旨在调查社区居住老年女性中与跌倒相关因素之间的直接和间接关联。这项横断面研究于2023年8月至9月招募了90名年龄≥60岁的社区居住老年女性。数据收集包括关于跌倒发生率的结构化问卷，作为社会人口统计学变量、害怕跌倒和步态效能，以及身体功能和身体活动量的身体测量。结构方程模型用于检验变量之间的假设路径。结果表明，身体功能（β = 0.233，P = 0.02）、步态效能（β = -0.318，P = 0.001）和身体活动量（β = -0.243，P = 0.009）与跌倒发生率直接相关。身体功能（β = 0.152）和害怕跌倒（β = 0.183）通过步态效能和身体活动量的中介与跌倒发生率间接相关。此外，身体活动量与高身体功能直接相关（β = -0.236，P = 0.038）。这些发现表明，除了改善身体功能和活动水平外，老年女性还需要心理测量学干预来预防跌倒。
