Gandarias-Madariaga Aitor, Martínez-Serrano Antonio, Alcaraz Pedro E, Calleja-González Julio, López Del Campo Roberto, Resta Ricardo, Zubillaga-Zubiaga Asier
Department of Physical Education and Sport, Faculty of Education and Sport, University of the Basque Country (EHU), 01007 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Centro de Investigación de Alto Rendimiento Deportivo UCAM, Universidad Católica San Antonio, 30830 Murcia, Spain.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2025 May 31;10(2):201. doi: 10.3390/jfmk10020201.
: To the best of the authors' knowledge, the different injury mechanisms of the hamstring muscle group have not been defined in detail in men's professional football. For this reason, the main aim of this study is to determine the mechanisms and contextual patterns associated with hamstring muscle group injuries in professional male football players in competition, using a systematic video analysis method. : Video recordings of official matches from two consecutive seasons (2017/18 and 2018/19) of the Spanish First Division of Football (LaLiga) were used for this research. The process to determine the moment of injury was carried out by two independent evaluators using an ad hoc observation tool and, subsequently, all relevant data were collected to detail the specific patterns of injury events observed. : In total, 78 cases of hamstring injuries were included for the final analysis of specific patterns. The most outstanding results were that, (1) although the sprint-related pattern (SP) is predominate (54%; 42 cases), the combined pattern 2 (COMB2) is another mechanism that appears frequently (26%; 20 cases), (2) within the SP, curved runs show a greater number of cases (52% of SP; 22 cases), (3) the majority of the injuries occur without contact (83%; 65 cases) and with the presence of the ball (88%; 69 cases), and finally, (4) the most injured positions were fullbacks/wingbacks (28%; 22 cases), central defenders (27%; 21 cases), and wingers/wide midfielders (23%; 18 cases). : The SP remains the most frequent pattern in hamstring injuries; however, the present study presents other mechanisms that are also quite common and should be considered, such as curvilinear runs in SP and COMB2.
据作者所知，在男子职业足球中，腘绳肌群不同的损伤机制尚未得到详细界定。因此，本研究的主要目的是采用系统的视频分析方法，确定职业男性足球运动员在比赛中与腘绳肌群损伤相关的机制和背景模式。
本研究使用了西班牙足球甲级联赛（西甲）连续两个赛季（2017/18和2018/19）官方比赛的视频记录。两名独立评估人员使用专门的观察工具确定受伤时刻，随后收集所有相关数据，以详细描述观察到的损伤事件的具体模式。
总共纳入78例腘绳肌损伤病例进行损伤特定模式的最终分析。最显著的结果是：（1）尽管与冲刺相关的模式（SP）占主导（54%；42例），但组合模式2（COMB2）是另一种频繁出现的机制（26%；20例）；（2）在SP模式中，弯道奔跑的病例数更多（占SP的52%；22例）；（3）大多数损伤发生在无身体接触的情况下（83%；65例）且球在场（88%；69例）；最后，（4）受伤最多的位置是边后卫/边翼卫（28%；22例）、中后卫（27%；21例）和边锋/边前卫（23%；18例）。
SP仍然是腘绳肌损伤最常见的模式；然而，本研究还呈现了其他同样常见的机制，如SP和COMB2中的曲线奔跑，也应予以考虑。
