Alipour-Vaezi Mohammad, McNamara Robert S, Rukstalis Margaret R, Gentry Emily C, Rukstalis Daniel B, Penzien Donald B, Tsui Kwok-Leung, Zhong Huaiyang
Grado Department of Industrial & Systems Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, Virginia, USA.
Neurourol Urodyn. 2025 Sep;44(7):1448-1454. doi: 10.1002/nau.70104. Epub 2025 Jun 25.
Interstitial cystitis (IC) is a chronic urological condition associated with significant discomfort, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Although its etiology remains unclear, early-life conditions such as gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, urological anomalies (UA), psychiatric disorders (PD), and autoimmune diseases (AD) have been hypothesized as potential risk factors for developing IC in adulthood. This study aims to investigate these associations by conducting a retrospective cohort analysis utilizing data from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, encompassing over 118 million patient records.
The study and control groups were established across four categories of childhood disorders, with IC incidence monitored over a 14-year period. Statistical methodologies, including propensity score matching and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, were employed to compare outcomes between cohorts.
Findings indicate that childhood GI and UA conditions significantly elevate the risk of IC in adulthood, with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and urinary tract infections (UTIs) exhibiting risk ratios of 2.9 and 3.2, respectively. Gender disparities were also noted, with females exhibiting higher incidences of diseases included, particularly UA and AD during adolescence. Additionally, individuals with these early-life conditions demonstrated a higher prevalence of comorbidities, underscoring the complex interplay of health factors contributing to IC pathogenesis.
These findings suggest that childhood GI and UA conditions may serve as predictive markers for IC, emphasizing the need for targeted early interventions and preventative care strategies. By identifying at-risk populations, this study provides valuable insights into early detection and management approaches, potentially mitigating the long-term burden of IC on affected individuals.
This paper includes an observational retrospective study. No clinical trial has been conducted.
间质性膀胱炎（IC）是一种慢性泌尿系统疾病，会导致严重不适，带来诊断和治疗方面的挑战。尽管其病因尚不清楚，但诸如胃肠道（GI）疾病、泌尿系统异常（UA）、精神疾病（PD）和自身免疫性疾病（AD）等早期生活状况已被假设为成年后患IC的潜在风险因素。本研究旨在通过利用TriNetX美国协作网络的数据进行回顾性队列分析来调查这些关联，该网络包含超过1.18亿份患者记录。
在四类儿童疾病中设立研究组和对照组，对IC发病率进行为期14年的监测。采用倾向评分匹配和Kaplan-Meier生存分析等统计方法来比较队列之间的结果。
研究结果表明，儿童期的胃肠道和泌尿系统异常状况会显著增加成年后患IC的风险，肠易激综合征（IBS）和尿路感染（UTIs）的风险比分别为2.9和3.2。还注意到了性别差异，女性所患疾病的发病率更高，尤其是在青春期的泌尿系统异常和自身免疫性疾病方面。此外，患有这些早期生活状况的个体共病的患病率更高，这突出了促成IC发病机制的健康因素之间复杂的相互作用。
这些发现表明，儿童期的胃肠道和泌尿系统异常状况可能是IC的预测指标，强调了有针对性的早期干预和预防保健策略的必要性。通过识别高危人群，本研究为早期检测和管理方法提供了有价值的见解，有可能减轻IC对受影响个体的长期负担。
本文包括一项观察性回顾性研究。未进行临床试验。
