Habtu Bisrat Fikadu, Obsa Fanta, Cheneke Waqtola, Asaye Sintayehu, Nuru Ahmed, Hajikelil Zuber
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite 07, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Laboratory, Jimma University, Jimma 07, Oromīya, Ethiopia.
World J Nephrol. 2025 Jun 25;14(2):100896. doi: 10.5527/wjn.v14.i2.100896.
Kidney is the vital organ that plays a great role in maintaining an optimal internal environment. The normal kidney function can be altered by physical injury or disease. Currently, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasing major health problem worldwide. In 2017, it was ranked as the 12 leading cause of death and is expected to rise to the 5 ranked cause of death by 2040. Therefore, early detection, increasing patients' awareness and treatment of CKD are required to hold the problem. However, despite its higher prevalence of hospitalized morbidity and mortality, little is known about the magnitude and associated factor of CKD in the Ethiopian context. Hence this study aimed to determine the magnitude of CKD and associated factors at Wolkite University Specialized Hospital (WKUSTH), South West Ethiopia.
To determine the magnitude, and associated factors of CKD in WKUSTH, Ethiopia.
Institutional based cross-sectional study with secondary data was conducted from November 15, 2021 to February 28, 2022 at WKUSTH. Three hundred forty five (345) participants were selected by a convenient sampling technique. Creatinine and urea were measured using cobas311 fully automated chemistry analyzer and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was calculated using CKD epidemiology collaboration formula. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected by using a pretested questionnaire. Data were coded and entered into EpiData 3.1 version and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Bivariate analysis was used to screen candidate variables for multivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis a value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
The magnitude of CKD by impaired eGFR were 54 (15.7%) (95%CI: 0.116-0.194). In multivariable analysis, older age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 5.91, 95%CI: 2.41-14.47)], hypertension (AOR =10.41, 95%CI: 4.55-23.81), diabetes mellitus (AOR = 5.90, 95%CI: 2.14-16.23), high body mass index (AOR = 3.0, 95%CI: 1.30-7.27), and anemia (AOR = 2.94, 95%CI: 1.26-6.88) were independently associated with CKD.
The magnitude of CKD among adult patients admitted to WKUSTH was high. Hence, researchers need to do a population-based study and longitudinal study on the magnitude of CKD, associated factors. Estimation of GFR for all hospitalized patients might help to early detection of CKD and prevent complications.
肾脏是维持最佳体内环境的重要器官，其正常功能会因身体损伤或疾病而改变。目前，慢性肾脏病（CKD）是全球日益严重的主要健康问题。2017年，它在主要死因中排名第12，预计到2040年将升至第5位。因此，需要早期检测、提高患者对CKD的认识并进行治疗，以应对这一问题。然而，尽管CKD在住院患者中的发病率和死亡率较高，但在埃塞俄比亚背景下，对其规模和相关因素知之甚少。因此，本研究旨在确定埃塞俄比亚西南部沃尔凯特大学专科医院（WKUSTH）CKD的规模及相关因素。
确定埃塞俄比亚WKUSTH中CKD的规模及相关因素。
2021年11月15日至2022年2月28日在WKUSTH进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究，并使用了二手数据。通过便利抽样技术选取了345名参与者。使用cobas311全自动化学分析仪测量肌酐和尿素，并使用CKD流行病学协作公式计算估计肾小球滤过率（eGFR）。通过预先测试的问卷收集社会人口统计学和临床数据。数据进行编码并录入EpiData 3.1版本，然后导出到STATA 14版本进行分析。采用双变量分析筛选多变量分析的候选变量。在多变量分析中，P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
根据eGFR受损情况，CKD的规模为54例（15.7%）（95%CI：0.116 - 0.194）。在多变量分析中，年龄较大[调整优势比（AOR）= 5.91，95%CI：2.41 - 14.47]、高血压（AOR = 10.41，95%CI：4.55 - 23.81）、糖尿病（AOR = 5.90，95%CI：2.14 - 16.23）、高体重指数（AOR = 3.0，95%CI：1.30 - 7.27）和贫血（AOR = 2.94，95%CI：1.26 - 6.88）与CKD独立相关。
入住WKUSTH的成年患者中CKD的规模较高。因此，研究人员需要针对CKD的规模及相关因素开展基于人群的研究和纵向研究。对所有住院患者进行肾小球滤过率估计可能有助于早期发现CKD并预防并发症。
