Wilson Hester Hk, Kanck Jillian
Murrumbidgee Local Health District, New South Wales.
Centre for Alcohol and Other Drugs, NSW Health.
Aust Prescr. 2025 Jun;48(3):98-105. doi: 10.18773/austprescr.2025.028.
Opioid dependence is a chronic condition that can lead to significant harm if left untreated. People who experience opioid dependence and the treatments themselves are highly stigmatised. Person-centred trauma-informed services are critical to therapeutic engagement and effectiveness. Buprenorphine and methadone are highly effective, evidence-based medicines for opioid dependence. In recent years, long-acting injectable buprenorphine has emerged as a safe and effective treatment option, offering flexible weekly or monthly dosing. The long-term treatment of opioid dependence can be undertaken in primary care settings. General practitioner and nurse practitioner prescribing, and community pharmacist dispensing, are essential for ongoing care. Australian jurisdictions have differing regulations that guide the prescribing of medicines for opioid dependence. Health professionals should be familiar with their local jurisdiction's guidelines as well as the national guidelines. Drug and alcohol telephone services are available in each jurisdiction and can provide advice to health professionals.
阿片类药物依赖是一种慢性疾病，如果不进行治疗可能会导致严重危害。经历阿片类药物依赖的人以及治疗方法本身都受到高度污名化。以患者为中心的创伤知情服务对于治疗参与度和有效性至关重要。丁丙诺啡和美沙酮是治疗阿片类药物依赖的高效、循证药物。近年来，长效注射用丁丙诺啡已成为一种安全有效的治疗选择，提供灵活的每周或每月给药方式。阿片类药物依赖的长期治疗可以在初级保健机构进行。全科医生和执业护士开处方以及社区药剂师配药对于持续护理至关重要。澳大利亚各司法管辖区有不同的法规来指导阿片类药物依赖药物的处方。卫生专业人员应熟悉其当地司法管辖区的指南以及国家指南。每个司法管辖区都有毒品和酒精电话服务，可以为卫生专业人员提供建议。
