Reeves Jonathan W, Simler Angela B, Dworkin Emily R
University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, USA.
J Interpers Violence. 2025 Jun 26:8862605251345464. doi: 10.1177/08862605251345464.
Sexual assault survivors receive a variety of positive and negative social reactions when they seek support from friends, family, or others close to them (i.e., informal supporters). However, past research demonstrates that survivors' perceptions of these social reactions are more varied than suggested by their traditional categorization as "positive" or "negative." Although survivors experiencing elevated posttraumatic stress (PTS) and alcohol use may be at especially high risk of receiving "negative" reactions and experiencing poorer recovery outcomes, it is unclear to what degree these survivors vary in how they perceive these early reactions. Thus, the study objective was to characterize how survivors with elevated PTS and alcohol use perceive social reactions received from informal supporters during day-to-day assault-related interactions in the initial months after sexual assault. Adult female survivors of past-10-week sexual assault with elevated PTS and alcohol use ( = 41) completed a baseline assessment and daily diaries over 21 days as part of a larger mHealth clinical trial. Results indicated that survivors' perceptions of the social reactions they received during this early period varied considerably. Findings also indicated that survivors were more likely to perceive an interaction overall as upsetting when the specific "negative" reactions of controlling and infantilization were present. This suggests that specific reactions hold more sway over a survivor's perception of a given interaction than others and further reinforces that there is no one-size-fits-all characterization of how survivors perceive the social reactions they receive when discussing their sexual assault with others.
性侵犯幸存者在向朋友、家人或其他亲近之人（即非正式支持者）寻求支持时，会收到各种各样积极和消极的社会反应。然而，过去的研究表明，幸存者对这些社会反应的认知比传统上归类为“积极”或“消极”所显示的更为多样。尽管经历创伤后应激（PTS）加剧和饮酒问题的幸存者可能尤其容易收到“消极”反应并经历较差的康复结果，但尚不清楚这些幸存者在如何看待这些早期反应方面存在多大差异。因此，本研究的目的是描述在性侵犯后的最初几个月里，PTS加剧和饮酒的幸存者如何看待在与性侵犯相关的日常互动中从非正式支持者那里收到的社会反应。作为一项更大规模的移动健康临床试验的一部分，过去10周内遭受性侵犯且PTS加剧和饮酒的成年女性幸存者（n = 41）完成了一次基线评估和为期21天的每日日记记录。结果表明，幸存者在这一早期阶段对他们收到的社会反应的认知差异很大。研究结果还表明，当存在控制和婴儿化等特定“消极”反应时，幸存者更有可能总体上认为一次互动令人不安。这表明特定反应对幸存者对特定互动的认知的影响比其他反应更大，并进一步强化了这样一个观点，即对于幸存者在与他人讨论性侵犯时如何看待他们收到的社会反应，不存在一刀切的描述。
