Schütz Johanna, Wetzel Lorena Denise
Bayerisches Zentrum Pflege Digital, Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften Kempten, Albert-Einstein-Straße 6, 87437, Kempten, Deutschland.
Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2025 Jun 26. doi: 10.1007/s00391-025-02457-x.
People who have not received a care level ("Pflegegrad", PG) in care assessments in accordance with § 14 Social Code (SGB) XI have hardly been addressed by research to date, even though information on this group has enormous preventative potential. This article aims to compare older people with and without PG recommendations in terms of sociodemographic characteristics, independence in various areas of life as well as medical diagnoses.
The analysis is based on n = 122,478 initial care assessments of adults over the age of 50 years, which were carried out by the Bavarian Medical Service (MD) in 2019. Descriptive analyses are used to compare people with and without PG recommendations.
Of those assessed, 19.5% were not given a PG recommendation. These people are younger, more often female and living alone than people with PG recommendation. Overall, those assessed without PG recommendation are less restricted in their independence than those with a PG recommendation. Nevertheless, they also have significant limitations in activities relevant to everyday life (especially in mobility outside the home, shopping, cleaning the home). In both groups, a limitation of gait and mobility is the most common diagnosis that leads to an application for a care assessment.
Routine data from long-term care assessments provide information about older people who are on the threshold of needing long-term care. People without PG recommendation who nevertheless require support therefore represent an important target group for support measures and should be addressed by preventive and health-promoting interventions.
根据德国社会法典（SGB）第十一章第14条进行的护理评估中，未获得护理等级（“Pflegegrad”，PG）的人群迄今几乎未受到研究关注，尽管有关该群体的信息具有巨大的预防潜力。本文旨在比较有和没有PG建议的老年人在社会人口学特征、生活各方面的独立性以及医学诊断方面的情况。
分析基于巴伐利亚医疗服务机构（MD）在2019年对122478名50岁以上成年人进行的首次护理评估。采用描述性分析比较有和没有PG建议的人群。
在接受评估的人群中，19.5%未获得PG建议。这些人比有PG建议的人更年轻，女性更多，且独居。总体而言，未获得PG建议的被评估者在独立性方面受到的限制比有PG建议的人少。然而，他们在与日常生活相关的活动中也存在显著限制（尤其是在家外出行、购物、打扫房屋方面）。在两组中，步态和行动能力受限是导致申请护理评估的最常见诊断。
长期护理评估的常规数据提供了有关处于需要长期护理边缘的老年人的信息。因此，那些没有PG建议但仍需要支持的人是支持措施的重要目标群体，应通过预防性和促进健康的干预措施加以关注。
