Zhu Shu-Hong, Anderson Christopher M, Zhuang Yue-Lin, Sung Hai-Yen, Gamst Anthony C
The Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2025 Sep 1;117(9):1883-1890. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djaf121.
In November 2016, California voters approved Proposition 56, increasing the cigarette tax by $2.00 per pack and nearly tripling spending on tobacco prevention. This study examined whether the initiative was associated with increased smoking cessation.
States in the United States were categorized into 3 groups: California, 18 other states (including the District of Columbia) that raised taxes, and 32 states that did not raise taxes. Tax and price increases, tobacco prevention spending per capita, 3-month smoking cessation rates using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N = 443 054), and the proportion of daily smoking were compared for 2014-2016 and 2017-2019 for these groups.
California had the largest increases in cigarette price (30.8%) and tobacco prevention spending (271.9%), both adjusted for inflation. Other states that raised taxes experienced price increases of 6.3% on average. The 3-month smoking cessation rate in California increased from 11.5% in 2014-2016 to 14.2% in 2017-2019 (P = .005). Among other states that raised taxes in that timeframe, cessation rates did not change significantly, from 8.6% to 8.7% (P = .755). Among states that did not raise taxes, cessation rates declined significantly, from 9.5% to 9.0% (P = .026). California also had a significant reduction in the proportion of daily smokers among those who did not quit (from 60.4% to 56.4%, P = .012).
A major cigarette tax increase was associated with increased smoking cessation in California. Policies increasing tobacco taxes and re-investing new revenue in tobacco prevention can increase population cessation.
2016年11月，加利福尼亚州选民通过了第56号提案，将每包香烟税提高了2美元，并将烟草预防支出增加了近两倍。本研究调查了该举措是否与戒烟率上升有关。
美国各州分为3组：加利福尼亚州、18个其他提高税收的州（包括哥伦比亚特区）以及32个未提高税收的州。比较了这些组在2014 - 2016年和2017 - 2019年期间的税收和价格上涨情况、人均烟草预防支出、使用行为风险因素监测系统数据得出的3个月戒烟率（N = 443054）以及每日吸烟比例。
加利福尼亚州的香烟价格涨幅最大（30.8%），烟草预防支出涨幅也最大（271.9%），均经通胀调整。其他提高税收的州平均价格涨幅为6.3%。加利福尼亚州的3个月戒烟率从2014 - 2016年的11.5%升至2017 - 2019年的14.2%（P = 0.005）。在同一时期其他提高税收的州中，戒烟率没有显著变化，从8.6%升至8.7%（P = 0.755）。在未提高税收的州中，戒烟率显著下降，从9.5%降至9.0%（P = 0.026）。加利福尼亚州未戒烟者中的每日吸烟者比例也显著下降（从60.4%降至56.4%，P = 0.012）。
大幅提高香烟税与加利福尼亚州戒烟率上升有关。提高烟草税并将新收入重新投入烟草预防的政策可以提高总体戒烟率。
