Chen Mingzhu, Ru Xiaoying, Peng Yuhao, Li Xinyi, Huang Yang, Zhu Chunhua, Li Guangli, Shi Hongjuan
Guangdong Research Center on Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China.
Development and Research Center for Biological Marine Resources, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524025, China.
Comp Biochem Physiol Part D Genomics Proteomics. 2025 Jun 22;56:101572. doi: 10.1016/j.cbd.2025.101572.
Salinity is an important environmental factor, and fluctuations in saline-alkali levels that exceed the osmoregulatory capacity of fish may have profound effects on various physiological functions of teleosts. The greater amberjack is highly valued commercially owing to its rapid growth and excellent meat quality. In this study, the juvenile greater amberjack were reared for 30 days under optimal salinity (30 ppt) as well as hypo- (20 ppt) and hyper-salinity (40 ppt) conditions. Histologically, the structure of the kidney was damaged under chronic salinity stress, characterized by hypertrophy at the edges of the columnar epithelial cells in the renal tubules, while the central side was tightened. Through comparative transcriptome analysis of the kidney, a total of 1103, 51, and 1711 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the K20 vs. K30 (686 up- and 417 down-regulated), K40 vs. K30 (14 up- and 37 down-regulated), and K20 vs. K40 (1170 up- and 541 down-regulated) salinity stress groups, respectively. Certain DEGs enriched in the cell cytoskeleton (LOC111217621, tubb5, and LOC111234965) and cell apoptosis (tnfrsfa, LOC111218420, LOC111223891, LOC111223286, and bcl2) were identified by kidney transcriptome analysis in response to salinity stress. Furthermore, DEGs associated with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism (elovl6l, acsl4, msmo1, pck1, g6pc1, pfkfb3, and ldha), ion transport (kcnk5, slc4a4, slc9a3, slc41a1, and slc22a2), and immune response (nfkbiaa, nfkbia, and LOC111231462) were identified. These findings suggest that the cytoskeleton was damaged, along with variations in ion transport, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, and immune responses to salinity stress. The current findings enhance our understanding of the physiological responses of greater amberjack to salinity stress, which could be beneficial in developing strategies to optimize the aquaculture and artificial breeding of this species in environments characterized by fluctuating salinity patterns.
盐度是一个重要的环境因素，盐碱水平的波动若超过鱼类的渗透压调节能力，可能会对硬骨鱼的各种生理功能产生深远影响。黄条鰤因其生长迅速和肉质优良而具有很高的商业价值。在本研究中，将幼年黄条鰤在最佳盐度（30‰）以及低盐度（20‰）和高盐度（40‰）条件下饲养30天。组织学观察发现，在慢性盐度胁迫下肾脏结构受损，其特征为肾小管柱状上皮细胞边缘肥大，而中央部分收紧。通过对肾脏进行比较转录组分析，在K20与K30（686个上调和417个下调）、K40与K30（14个上调和37个下调）以及K20与K40（1170个上调和541个下调）盐度胁迫组中分别鉴定出1103、51和1711个差异表达基因（DEG）。通过肾脏转录组分析，鉴定出某些在细胞骨架（LOC111217621、tubb5和LOC111234965）和细胞凋亡（tnfrsfa、LOC111218420、LOC111223891、LOC111223286和bcl2）中富集的DEG，以响应盐度胁迫。此外，还鉴定出与脂质和碳水化合物代谢（elovl6l、acsl4、msmo1、pck1、g6pc1、pfkfb3和ldha）、离子转运（kcnk5、slc4a4、slc9a3、slc41a1和slc22a2）以及免疫反应（nfkbiaa、nfkbia和LOC111231462）相关的DEG。这些发现表明，细胞骨架受损，同时离子转运、脂质和碳水化合物代谢以及对盐度胁迫的免疫反应也发生了变化。目前的研究结果增进了我们对黄条鰤对盐度胁迫生理反应的理解，这可能有助于制定策略，以优化该物种在盐度模式波动环境中的水产养殖和人工繁殖。
