Abiola Julius, Aiyelaagbe Olapeju, Adeyi Akindele, Ajisebiola Babafemi, König Simone
IZKF Core Unit Proteomics, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
Organic Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan 200005, Nigeria.
Molecules. 2025 Jun 17;30(12):2625. doi: 10.3390/molecules30122625.
is recognised for various ethnomedicinal applications, including treatment after snakebites. However, only limited scientific evidence exists on its antivenomous capabilities. This study investigates the efficacy of methanol and ethylacetate extracts from leaves and roots against venom. A non-toxic range for the extracts was determined in rats, and assays were performed to test their anti-hemorrhagic and anti-hemolytic activity as well as their influence on venom-induced blood clotting. In all of these experiments, the extracts demonstrated significant positive effects equal to or better than antivenom. Moreover, the extracts strongly inhibited and even abolished the digestion of the vasoactive neuropeptide bradykinin by snake venom metalloproteinases. Strophantus plants are known for their high content of cardiac glycosides, one of which is the commercially available ouabain, that by itself also considerably inhibited venom-induced bradykinin cleavage. Although ouabain is only present in low amounts in when compared to other cardenolides of similar structure, it can be hypothesized that members of this substance class may also have inhibitory properties against venom proteases. additionally contains bioactive substances such as flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids, which contribute to its protective effects. The study provides scientific data to explain the success of the traditional use of plant extracts as a first aid against envenomation in rural Africa.
它因各种民族药用用途而闻名,包括蛇咬后的治疗。然而,关于其抗蛇毒能力的科学证据有限。本研究调查了从叶子和根部提取的甲醇和乙酸乙酯提取物对毒液的功效。在大鼠中确定了提取物的无毒范围,并进行了试验以测试它们的抗出血和抗溶血活性以及它们对毒液诱导的血液凝固的影响。在所有这些实验中,提取物都显示出与抗蛇毒血清相当或更好的显著积极效果。此外,提取物强烈抑制甚至消除了蛇毒金属蛋白酶对血管活性神经肽缓激肽的消化。羊角拗属植物以其高含量的强心苷而闻名,其中一种是市售的哇巴因,其本身也能显著抑制毒液诱导的缓激肽裂解。尽管与其他结构相似的强心甾相比,哇巴因在羊角拗属植物中的含量较低,但可以推测这类物质的成员可能也具有抑制毒液蛋白酶的特性。羊角拗属植物还含有生物活性物质,如黄酮类、萜类、单宁、皂苷和生物碱,这些都有助于其保护作用。该研究提供了科学数据,以解释在非洲农村将羊角拗属植物提取物作为蛇咬急救传统用法成功的原因。
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