Xiang Zhuoya, Liu Li, Xu Zhou, Kong Qingbo, Feng Shiling, Chen Tao, Zhou Lijun, Yang Hongyu, Xiao Yao, Ding Chunbang
College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an 625014, China.
Institute of Agro-Products Processing Science and Technology (Institute of Food Nutrition and Health), Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
ACS Omega. 2024 Jun 10;9(25):27192-27203. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01321. eCollection 2024 Jun 25.
flowers contain limited information available regarding the composition of their bioactive compounds and activity. The objective of this study was to identify phenolic compounds and investigate the effect of different solvents (ethanol and methanol) on the phenolic content and antioxidant activity in flowers. The analysis using UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS revealed the presence of 105 phytochemicals and the most common compounds were flavonols, procyanidins, and ellagitannins. Interestingly, flavonol triglycosides were identified for the first time in these flowers. The study demonstrated that the concentration of the solvent had a significant impact on the total phenolic compound (TPC), total flavonoid compound (TFC), and total proanthocyanidin content (TPAC). The TPC, TFC, and TPAC showed a remarkable increase with the increasing concentration of the solvent, reaching their maximum levels (138.23 mg GAE/g DW, 421.62 mg RE/g DW, 60.77 mg PB2E/g DW) at 70% ethanol. However, the total anthocyanin content reached its maximum at low concentrations (0.49 mg CGE/g DW). Similar trends were observed in the antioxidant activity, as measured by the DPPH· assay (DPPH radical scavenging activity), ABTS·+ assay (ABTS radical cation scavenging activity), and FRAP assay (Ferric reducing antioxidant power). The maximum antioxidant activity was observed at 100% solvents and 70% methanol. Among the 14 individual phenolic compounds, 70% methanol yielded the highest content for 8 (cyanidin-3--glucoside, procyanidin B2, procyanidin B4, epicatechin, rutin, kaempferol-3--rutinoside, astragaline and quercitrin) out of the 14 compounds. Additionally, it was found that epicatechin was the most abundant phenolic compound, accounting for approximately 20339.37 μg/g DW. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that 70% methanol is the most effective solvent for extracting polyphenols from flowers. These results provided chemical information and potential antioxidant value for further research in flowers.
花朵中关于其生物活性化合物的组成和活性的可用信息有限。本研究的目的是鉴定酚类化合物，并研究不同溶剂（乙醇和甲醇）对花朵中酚类含量和抗氧化活性的影响。使用超高效液相色谱-四极杆飞行时间串联质谱（UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS）分析发现了105种植物化学物质，最常见的化合物是黄酮醇、原花青素和鞣花单宁。有趣的是，在这些花朵中首次鉴定出了黄酮醇三糖苷。该研究表明，溶剂浓度对总酚化合物（TPC）、总黄酮化合物（TFC）和总原花青素含量（TPAC）有显著影响。TPC、TFC和TPAC随着溶剂浓度的增加而显著增加，在70%乙醇时达到最高水平（138.23 mg没食子酸当量/g干重、421.62 mg芦丁当量/g干重、60.77 mg表儿茶素当量/g干重）。然而，总花青素含量在低浓度（0.49 mg矢车菊素当量/g干重）时达到最高。通过二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH·）测定法（DPPH自由基清除活性）、2,2'-联氮-双-3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸阳离子自由基（ABTS·+）测定法（ABTS自由基阳离子清除活性）和铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）测定法测定的抗氧化活性也观察到了类似趋势。在100%溶剂和70%甲醇时观察到最大抗氧化活性。在14种单个酚类化合物中，70%甲醇使14种化合物中的8种（矢车菊素-3-O-葡萄糖苷、原花青素B2、原花青素B4、表儿茶素、芦丁、山奈酚-3-O-芸香糖苷、黄芪苷和槲皮苷）含量最高。此外，发现表儿茶素是最丰富的酚类化合物，约占20339.37 μg/g干重。基于这些发现，可以得出结论，70%甲醇是从花朵中提取多酚的最有效溶剂。这些结果为花朵的进一步研究提供了化学信息和潜在的抗氧化价值。
