Kwon Yong-Seok, Kim Ye-Jun, Song Jeong-Hun, Kim Yangsuk
Department of Food Sciences, National Institute of Crop and Food Science, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
Department of Agricultural Biology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea.
Nutrients. 2025 Jun 11;17(12):1976. doi: 10.3390/nu17121976.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the dietary habits of older Korean adults according to their level of plant protein intake.
To conduct this study, the daily plant protein intake of 4254 older adults aged 65 years and older who participated in the dietary survey (24-h recall method) of the 2016~2018 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) was divided into quintiles. And the association among plant protein quintiles and general characteristics, health-related behaviors, dietary habits, nutrient intakes, and Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) was examined.
For the energy contribution of protein, more than 90% of all groups from Q1 through Q5 were in the Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR, 7-20%) for protein. In the case of food security, the proportion tended to increase by about 11 percentage points from Q1 (43.4%) to Q5 (54.4%) according to plant protein quintiles, and while food insecurity was above 50% from Q1 to Q3, the percentage tended to decrease as the plant protein quintile increased from Q4 (48.3%) to Q5 (45.3%). Overall, the low plant protein intake group, especially the Q1 to Q3 group, was found to have an inadequate intake of nutrients, including total protein, compared to the recommended intake. In addition, among the components of the KHEI score, the score for the item "consumption of multigrain rice" was found to be very low.
Based on these findings, dietary education or guidelines are needed to increase individual awareness, as well as the development of dietary content at government level to support this.
背景/目的：本研究旨在根据韩国老年人的植物蛋白摄入量水平评估其饮食习惯。
为开展本研究，将参加2016~2018年韩国国民健康与营养检查调查（KNHANES）饮食调查（24小时回顾法）的4254名65岁及以上老年人的每日植物蛋白摄入量分为五等份。并研究了植物蛋白五等份与一般特征、健康相关行为、饮食习惯、营养素摄入量以及韩国健康饮食指数（KHEI）之间的关联。
对于蛋白质的能量贡献，从第一等份（Q1）到第五等份（Q5）的所有组中，超过90%处于蛋白质的可接受宏量营养素分布范围（AMDR，7-20%）。在食品安全方面，根据植物蛋白五等份，比例从Q1（43.4%）到Q5（54.4%）倾向于增加约11个百分点，并且虽然从Q1到Q3粮食不安全率高于50%，但随着植物蛋白五等份从Q4（48.3%）增加到Q5（45.3%），该百分比趋于下降。总体而言，与推荐摄入量相比，低植物蛋白摄入量组，尤其是Q1至Q3组，被发现包括总蛋白在内的营养素摄入量不足。此外，在KHEI得分的组成部分中，“食用糙米饭”项目的得分非常低。
基于这些发现，需要开展饮食教育或制定指南以提高个人意识，同时政府层面也需要制定饮食内容来支持这一点。
