Chedea Veronica Sanda, Tomoiagă Liliana Lucia, Ropota Mariana, Marc Gabriel, Ranga Floricuta, Comșa Maria, Muntean Maria Doinița, Sîrbu Alexandra Doina, Giurca Ioana Sorina, Răcoare Horia Silviu, Bocsan Corina Ioana, Buzoianu Anca Dana, Kisher Hesham, Pop Raluca Maria
Research Station for Viticulture and Enology Blaj (SCDVV Blaj), Gheorhe Barițiu Street, No 2, 515400 Blaj, Romania.
Laboratory of Chemistry and Nutrition Physiology, National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition (IBNA Balotesti), Ilfov, 077015 Balotesti, Romania.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jun 12;14(12):1809. doi: 10.3390/plants14121809.
Italian Riesling is a grapevine () cultivar widely grown in Transylvania vineyards. During the winemaking process, grape pomace (GP) is generated. This study aimed to exploit the potential of the Italian Riesling GP through its composition in polyphenols and fatty acids, as well as its antioxidant activity. Thus, two Italian Riesling GPs from two distinct Transylvanian microclimates (Crăciunelu de Jos and Ciumbrud) were analysed in terms of their phenolic and fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity while considering the influence of their respective microclimates. Every vineyard has unique geographical and meteorological characteristics that significantly influence grape production and consequently the structure of the resultant pomace. For example, Ciumbrud has a warmer, drier microclimate, whereas Crăciunelu de Jos has a colder, more humid environment. Biochemically, GP from Ciumbrud Italian Riesling grapes (RICI) contained greater amounts of gallic acid, total phenolic acids, and procyanidins and presented improved antioxidant activities, as reflected by DPPH˙, ABTS˙, CUPRAC, and FRAP assays. RICI pomace also possessed a better fatty acid profile with higher oleic and linolenic acid levels, leading to a lower thrombogenicity index (TI) and a better PUFAω-6/PUFA ω-3 ratio. However, GP produced from Crăciunelu de Jos Italian Riesling grapes (RICR) possessed more catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, total flavanols, and higher COX values. The findings demonstrate that the two GPs have significant and distinct nutritional content, highlighting them as valuable resources for food consumption, providing benefits to consumers' health.
意大利雷司令是一种广泛种植于特兰西瓦尼亚葡萄园的葡萄品种。在酿酒过程中会产生葡萄皮渣（GP）。本研究旨在通过意大利雷司令葡萄皮渣中的多酚和脂肪酸成分及其抗氧化活性来开发其潜力。因此，对来自特兰西瓦尼亚两个不同小气候地区（下克拉丘内卢和丘姆布罗德）的两种意大利雷司令葡萄皮渣的酚类和脂肪酸组成以及抗氧化活性进行了分析，同时考虑了各自小气候的影响。每个葡萄园都有独特的地理和气象特征，这些特征会显著影响葡萄产量，进而影响最终皮渣的结构。例如，丘姆布罗德的小气候更温暖、干燥，而下克拉丘内卢则气候更寒冷、潮湿。从生物化学角度来看，丘姆布罗德意大利雷司令葡萄（RICI）的葡萄皮渣含有更多的没食子酸、总酚酸和原花青素，并且具有更好的抗氧化活性，这在DPPH˙、ABTS˙、CUPRAC和FRAP测定中得到了体现。RICI皮渣还具有更好的脂肪酸谱，油酸和亚麻酸含量更高，导致血栓形成指数（TI）更低，多不饱和脂肪酸ω-6/多不饱和脂肪酸ω-3比值更优。然而，下克拉丘内卢意大利雷司令葡萄（RICR）产生的葡萄皮渣含有更多的儿茶素、表儿茶素、表儿茶素没食子酸酯、总黄烷醇和更高的COX值。研究结果表明，这两种葡萄皮渣具有显著且不同的营养成分，凸显它们作为食品消费的宝贵资源，对消费者健康有益。
