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发现靶向严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)受体结合域(RBD)和N端结构域(NTD)上非优势表位的协同广谱中和抗体

Discovery of Synergistic Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Non-Dominant Epitopes on SARS-CoV-2 RBD and NTD.

作者信息

Feng Hualong, Wang Zuowei, Li Ling, Li Yunjian, Lu Maosheng, Chen Xixian, Hu Lin, Sun Yi, Du Ruiping, Qin Rongrong, Chen Xuanyi, Jiang Liwei, Zuo Teng

机构信息

Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China.

Science Island Branch, Graduate School of USTC, Hefei 230026, China.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2025 May 30;13(6):592. doi: 10.3390/vaccines13060592.


DOI:10.3390/vaccines13060592
PMID:40573924
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12197520/
Abstract

: Identification and characterization of broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies from individuals exposed to SARS-CoV-2, either by infection or vaccination, can inform the development of next-generation vaccines and antibody therapeutics with pan-SARS-CoV-2 protection. : Through single B cell sorting and RT-PCR, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were isolated from a donor who experienced a BA.5 or BF.7 breakthrough infection after three doses of inactivated vaccines. Their binding and neutralizing capacities were measured with ELISA and a pseudovirus-based neutralization assay, respectively. Their epitopes were mapped by competition ELISA and site-directed mutation. : Among a total of 67 spike-specific mAbs cloned from the donor, four mAbs (KXD643, KXD652, KXD681, and KXD686) can neutralize all tested SARS-CoV-2 variants from wild-type to KP.3. Moreover, KXD643, KXD652, and KXD681 belong to a clonotype encoded by IGHV5-51 and IGKV1-13 and recognize the cryptic and conserved RBD-8 epitope on the receptor-binding domain (RBD). In contrast, KXD686 is encoded by IGHV1-69 and IGKV3-20 and targets a conserved epitope (NTD Site iv) outside the antigenic supersite (NTD Site i) of the N-terminal domain (NTD). Notably, antibody cocktails containing these two groups of mAbs can neutralize SARS-CoV-2 more potently due to synergistic effects. In addition, bispecific antibodies derived from KXD643 and KXD686 demonstrate further improved neutralizing potency compared to antibody cocktails. : These four mAbs can be developed as candidates of pan-SARS-CoV-2 antibody therapeutics through further antibody engineering. On the other hand, vaccines designed to simultaneously elicit neutralizing antibodies towards RBD-8 and NTD Site iv have the potential to provide pan-SARS-CoV-2 protection.

摘要

从感染或接种过SARS-CoV-2的个体中鉴定和表征具有广泛中和作用的单克隆抗体,可为开发具有泛SARS-CoV-2保护作用的下一代疫苗和抗体疗法提供信息。通过单细胞B细胞分选和RT-PCR,从一名在接种三剂灭活疫苗后经历BA.5或BF.7突破性感染的供体中分离出单克隆抗体(mAb)。分别用ELISA和基于假病毒的中和试验测量它们的结合和中和能力。通过竞争ELISA和定点突变确定它们的表位。在从该供体克隆的总共67种刺突特异性mAb中,四种mAb(KXD643、KXD652、KXD681和KXD686)可以中和所有测试的SARS-CoV-2变体,从野生型到KP.3。此外,KXD643、KXD652和KXD681属于由IGHV5-51和IGKV1-13编码的克隆型,识别受体结合域(RBD)上隐秘且保守的RBD-8表位。相比之下,KXD686由IGHV1-69和IGKV3-20编码,靶向N端结构域(NTD)抗原超位点(NTD位点i)之外的保守表位(NTD位点iv)。值得注意的是,由于协同效应,含有这两组mAb的抗体鸡尾酒可以更有效地中和SARS-CoV-2。此外,与抗体鸡尾酒相比,源自KXD643和KXD686的双特异性抗体表现出进一步提高的中和效力。这四种mAb可通过进一步的抗体工程开发为泛SARS-CoV-2抗体疗法的候选药物。另一方面,设计用于同时诱导针对RBD-8和NTD位点iv的中和抗体的疫苗有可能提供泛SARS-CoV-2保护。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/44672e33da63/vaccines-13-00592-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/1510cad5b324/vaccines-13-00592-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/ded8ff869cc5/vaccines-13-00592-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/4082d0a9ae15/vaccines-13-00592-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/12efe674e7aa/vaccines-13-00592-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/44672e33da63/vaccines-13-00592-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/1510cad5b324/vaccines-13-00592-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/ded8ff869cc5/vaccines-13-00592-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/4082d0a9ae15/vaccines-13-00592-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/12efe674e7aa/vaccines-13-00592-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/a73b/12197520/44672e33da63/vaccines-13-00592-g005.jpg

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Antibody evasiveness of SARS-CoV-2 subvariants KP.3.1.1 and XEC.

Cell Rep. 2025-4-22

[2]
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Sci Adv. 2025-3-28

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Lancet Infect Dis. 2025-1

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Nature. 2025-1

[10]
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Cell. 2024-12-12

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