Yang Yongzong, Yi Bofang, Zhang Tao
Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, 121A Weill Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SUNY-Binghamton University, 96 Corliss Ave, Johnson City, NY 13790, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 May 29;17(6):719. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17060719.
Breast milk provides significant health benefits to both infants and mothers, offering protection against infections and enhancing cognitive development. This paper examines the complex effects of substance use disorder (SUD) during pregnancy and lactation, focusing on the pharmacokinetics of drug transfer into breast milk. It highlights the mechanisms by which drugs enter milk, emphasizing the roles of passive diffusion and active transport, particularly through breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP). The study explores the impact of various substances on fetal and infant health, with a focus on the relative infant dose (RID) and milk-to-plasma (MP) ratio as key metrics for assessing drug safety in breastfeeding. The findings underscore the need for careful evaluation of maternal drug use during lactation to balance the benefits of breastfeeding with potential risks.
母乳对婴儿和母亲都有显著的健康益处，能预防感染并促进认知发育。本文探讨了孕期和哺乳期物质使用障碍（SUD）的复杂影响，重点关注药物转移至母乳中的药代动力学。它强调了药物进入乳汁的机制，着重阐述了被动扩散和主动转运的作用，尤其是通过乳腺癌耐药蛋白（BCRP）的主动转运。该研究探讨了各种物质对胎儿和婴儿健康的影响，重点将相对婴儿剂量（RID）和乳汁与血浆比值（MP）作为评估母乳喂养中药物安全性的关键指标。研究结果强调，在哺乳期需要仔细评估母亲的药物使用情况，以平衡母乳喂养的益处与潜在风险。
