Niimura Junko, Yamasaki Syudo, Nakanishi Miharu, Yamaguchi Satoshi, Baba Kaori, Nakajima Naomi, Miyashita Mitsuhiro, Stanyon Daniel, Knowles Gemma, DeVylder Jordan, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa Mariko, Ando Shuntaro, Kasai Kiyoto, Nishida Atsushi
Mental Health Promotion Unit, Research Center for Social Science & Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan.
Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Miyagi, Japan.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2025 Jun 27;34:e34. doi: 10.1017/S2045796025000241.
First-year postpartum depression is a common mental health problem among first-time mothers. A younger age of pregnancy often compounds the challenge due to underlying factors such as poverty and limited educational achievement. This study aimed to examine the minimal number of interpersonal supporters during pregnancy associated with lower levels of postpartum depressive symptoms among first-time mothers.
We obtained data from the population-based Mother-Infant/Newborn Tokyo Cohort (MINT cohort) in four municipalities in Tokyo on 429 first-time mothers who responded to two waves of surveys (early pregnancy and one month postpartum). They completed self-report measures of interpersonal support using one item from the Social Support Questionnaire and depressive symptoms using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. Segmented regression analyses were conducted to determine the threshold at which the strength of the association changed between the number of interpersonal supporters and postpartum depressive symptoms, with adjustment for depressive symptoms in pregnancy. This analysis was also conducted with the sample stratified into young mothers (≤ 25 years) and older mothers (≥ 26 years).
In the overall sample, postpartum depressive symptoms were found to be lower among individuals with more than 3.0 supportive individuals (prepartum). Among young mothers, this threshold was higher, with lower symptom levels observed among those with at least 5.3 supporters. Only 22.9% of young first-time mothers had this level of interpersonal support, compared to 54.8% of all first-time mothers.
Our results suggest that having four or more interpersonal supporters in early pregnancy is associated with lower levels of postpartum depressive symptoms among first-time mothers. Additionally, among young mothers, having six or more supporters was associated with lower postpartum depressive symptoms. These findings suggest that tailored strategies to increase supporters around first-time pregnant women might be beneficial depending on their age.
产后第一年的抑郁症是初产妇中常见的心理健康问题。由于贫困和教育程度有限等潜在因素，怀孕时年龄较小往往会使这一挑战更加复杂。本研究旨在调查怀孕期人际支持者的最少数量与初产妇产后抑郁症状较低水平之间的关联。
我们从东京四个行政区基于人群的母婴/新生儿东京队列（MINT队列）中获取数据，该队列中有429名初产妇，她们回应了两轮调查（孕早期和产后一个月）。她们使用社会支持问卷中的一个条目完成了人际支持的自我报告测量，并使用爱丁堡产后抑郁量表完成了抑郁症状的测量。进行分段回归分析以确定人际支持者数量与产后抑郁症状之间关联强度发生变化的阈值，并对孕期抑郁症状进行了校正。还对样本按年轻母亲（≤25岁）和年长母亲（≥26岁）进行分层后进行了此分析。
在总体样本中，发现产前人际支持者超过3.0人的个体产后抑郁症状较低。在年轻母亲中，这一阈值更高，人际支持者至少有5.3人的年轻母亲症状水平较低。只有22.9%的年轻初产妇有这种水平的人际支持，而所有初产妇中有54.8%达到这一水平。
我们的结果表明，孕早期有四个或更多人际支持者与初产妇产后抑郁症状较低水平相关。此外，在年轻母亲中，有六个或更多支持者与产后抑郁症状较低相关。这些发现表明，根据初孕女性的年龄制定有针对性的策略以增加其周围的支持者可能会有益。
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