Srichankhot Pornsawan, Nakapong Arissara, Sukhanpob Anocha, Chapandoong Panadda, Jumnainsong Amonrat, Leelayuwat Chanvit, Simtong Piyapong
Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
Centre for Research and Development of Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand.
PeerJ. 2025 Jun 23;13:e19589. doi: 10.7717/peerj.19589. eCollection 2025.
Evidence indicates that genetic variations in the hybrid genes are associated with protection against malaria. Therefore, this study aims to characterize the hybrid alleles among northern Thais, Burmese, and Karen with and without a previous history of malaria infection.
A total of 709 DNA samples were genotyped to identify hybrids using PCR-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) combined with Sanger sequencing. Additionally, some DNA samples ( = 243) were also tested with high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis.
In our sampled populations, 14/87 (16.0%), 3/34 (8.8%), 0/16 (0%), and 1/18 (5.6%) of northern Thais, Burmese, Karen, and other minorities in Myanmar with a previous history of malaria infection, respectively, were identified with hybrid genes, whereas individuals without a history of malaria infection were 24/155 (15.5%), 5/183 (2.6%), and 4/216 (1.9%) in northern Thais, Burmese, and Karen, respectively. In the latter groups, DNA sequences showed that 17/155 (11.0%) northern Thais were heterozygotes and the other 6/155 (3.9%) were heterozygotes. The remaining one (0.6%) sample was a homozygote. Among Burmese, 3/183 (1.6%) were heterozygotes and 1/183 (0.5%) was heterozygote. The remaining one (0.5%) sample being a homozygote. Among Karen samples, all four were heterozygotes.
Across all studied populations, was the predominant allele, followed by . In addition, genotyping results obtained by HRM were consistent with PCR-SSP combined with Sanger sequencing. A statistically non-significant association was noted for the glycophorin hybrids and malaria infection. Our findings provide insight into genetic variations of hybrid alleles among populations in the Thailand-Myanmar border area. This information could be used as a guideline to identify compatible blood products for transfusion and to prevent alloimmunization.
有证据表明，杂交基因中的遗传变异与预防疟疾有关。因此，本研究旨在对有或无疟疾感染史的泰国北部人、缅甸人和克伦族人中的杂交等位基因进行特征分析。
使用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物（PCR-SSP）结合桑格测序对总共709份DNA样本进行基因分型，以鉴定杂交类型。此外，还对一些DNA样本（n = 243）进行了高分辨率熔解（HRM）分析。
在我们的抽样人群中，有疟疾感染史的泰国北部人、缅甸人、克伦族人和缅甸其他少数民族中，分别有14/87（16.0%）、3/34（8.8%）、0/16（0%）和1/18（5.6%）被鉴定出具有杂交基因，而无疟疾感染史的个体在泰国北部人、缅甸人和克伦族人中分别为24/155（15.5%）、5/183（2.6%）和4/216（1.9%）。在后者中，DNA序列显示17/155（11.0%）的泰国北部人为杂合子，另外6/155（3.9%）为杂合子。其余一个样本（0.6%）为纯合子。在缅甸人中，3/183（1.6%）为杂合子，1/183（0.5%）为杂合子。其余一个样本（0.5%）为纯合子。在克伦族样本中，所有四个均为杂合子。
在所有研究人群中，是主要等位基因，其次是。此外，HRM获得的基因分型结果与PCR-SSP结合桑格测序结果一致。血型糖蛋白杂交类型与疟疾感染之间存在统计学上无显著意义的关联。我们的研究结果为泰国-缅甸边境地区人群中杂交等位基因的遗传变异提供了见解。这些信息可作为确定输血相容血液制品和预防同种免疫的指导原则。
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