Desai Pankaja, Ng Ted K S, Krueger Kristin R, Wilson Robert S, Evans Denis A, Rajan Kumar B
Rush Institute for Healthy Aging (PD, TKSN, KRK, RSW, DAE, KBR), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL; and the Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center (RSW), Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL.
Am J Geriatr Psychiatry Open Sci Educ Pract. 2025 Jun;6:39-48. doi: 10.1016/j.osep.2025.02.004. Epub 2025 Mar 28.
The primary objective of this study is to examine the association between social engagement and cognitive decline among participants with and without depressive symptoms and/or loneliness.
Study data is from the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP), a population-based cohort study, located on the south side of Chicago, which consisted of interviews occurring every 3 years from 1993 to 2012. We conducted mixed effects regression analysis to examine the association between social engagement and global cognitive decline in CHAP participants. Models adjusted for and were stratified by depressive symptoms status and loneliness status.
The study sample includes 10,572 participants (63% black and 61% female). A total of 2,481 participants experienced more depressive symptoms, and 1,751 participants were lonely. A higher frequency of social engagement was associated with a slower rate of cognitive decline in individuals with and without depressive symptoms and/or loneliness. Participants who were lonely had approximately a 17% (β = 0.009/β = -0.054) slower rate of cognitive decline, and participants who were not lonely had a slower rate of about 12% (β = 0.006/β = -0.051), for a one-unit increase in social engagement. For each unit of increase in social engagement, participants with greater depressive symptomology had a slower rate of cognitive decline of approximately 14% (β = 0.009/β= -0.063), and participants with no to few depressive symptoms had a slower rate of decline of about 12% (β = 0.006/β = -0.049).
Social engagement slows cognitive decline in individuals with loneliness and/or depression. It is essential to build strategies for adhering to social activities into interventions that seek to minimize risk of cognitive impairment.
本研究的主要目的是检验有或无抑郁症状和/或孤独感的参与者的社交参与度与认知衰退之间的关联。
研究数据来自芝加哥健康与衰老项目（CHAP），这是一项基于人群的队列研究，位于芝加哥南区，包括1993年至2012年期间每3年进行一次的访谈。我们进行了混合效应回归分析，以检验CHAP参与者的社交参与度与整体认知衰退之间的关联。模型针对抑郁症状状态和孤独状态进行了调整并分层。
研究样本包括10572名参与者（63%为黑人，61%为女性）。共有2481名参与者出现更多抑郁症状，1751名参与者感到孤独。社交参与度较高与有或无抑郁症状和/或孤独感的个体认知衰退速度较慢相关。孤独的参与者认知衰退速度慢约17%（β = 0.009/β = -0.054），不孤独的参与者社交参与度每增加一个单位，认知衰退速度慢约12%（β = 0.006/β = -0.051）。社交参与度每增加一个单位，抑郁症状较重的参与者认知衰退速度慢约14%（β = 0.009/β = -0.063），抑郁症状不明显或较少的参与者认知衰退速度慢约12%（β = 0.006/β = -0.049）。
社交参与可减缓孤独和/或抑郁个体的认知衰退。将坚持社交活动的策略纳入旨在降低认知障碍风险的干预措施至关重要。
