Gruppuso Philip A, Adashi Eli Y
From the Department of Medical Science, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI (PAG, EYA).
J Am Board Fam Med. 2025 Mar-Apr;38(2):348-351. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2024.240257R2.
The US faces a shortage of physicians that is going unmet by the current US medical education system. One option to address this shortfall is to increase the number of international medical graduates (IMGs) practicing medicine in the US. In April of 2023, Tennessee enacted a law that would afford IMGs provisional licensure to practice medicine in the state without undertaking graduate medical education. Passage of this law was followed soon after by passage of the "" in Alabama, which reduced the requirement for domestic graduate education for IMGs from 3 to 2 years. The Alabama law also established a medical "bridge year" program aimed at US and Canadian medical graduates who went unmatched in the The past year has seen a total of at least 15 states enacting or considering measures that reduce licensing barriers for IMGs. In some cases, provisional licensing of IMGs has replaced requirements for graduate medical education. All these moves, aimed at relieving physician shortages, have the potential to degrade the standards to which physicians are held for licensing and entry into the practice of medicine. It is incumbent on states to assure that IMGs and others who forego extant graduate medical education requirements are fully qualified for licensure and the practice of medicine.
美国面临医生短缺的问题，而当前的美国医学教育系统无法满足这一需求。解决这一短缺的一个选择是增加在美国行医的国际医学毕业生（IMG）的数量。2023年4月，田纳西州颁布了一项法律，该法律将允许IMG在该州获得临时行医执照，而无需接受研究生医学教育。在这项法律通过后不久，阿拉巴马州也通过了一项法律，该法律将IMG在美国国内接受研究生教育的要求从3年减至2年。阿拉巴马州的法律还设立了一个医学“过渡年”项目，目标是针对那些在美国国家住院医师匹配计划中未成功匹配的美国和加拿大医学毕业生。在过去一年里，至少有15个州颁布或正在考虑采取措施，降低对IMG的执照发放门槛。在某些情况下，IMG的临时执照发放已经取代了研究生医学教育的要求。所有这些旨在缓解医生短缺问题的举措，都有可能降低对医生执照发放和行医准入的标准。各州有责任确保IMG和其他放弃现行研究生医学教育要求的人完全有资格获得执照并从事医疗工作。
