Palazuelos-González R A, Oude-Voshaar R C, Smidt N, Liefbroer A C
Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2025 Jun 27;29(8):100619. doi: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100619.
To identify latent classes of time spent in movement activities (leisure sitting, physical activities, and sleep), characterize them, and assess their association with changes in memory, executive functioning, and overall cognition among middle aged and older adults.
Longitudinal cohort study with a 3-year follow-up.
Non-institutionalized middle aged and older adults from the general population.
12,212 adults aged 45-86 years from the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.
Latent Class Analysis was performed to identify groups of participants with comparable movement activities based on self-reported time spent in leisure sitting, walking, moderate and vigorous physical activity (assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly), and sleep at baseline. Multivariable linear regression models were used to examine the associations between the identified groups and reliable change in memory, executive functioning and overall cognition, measured by a validated neuropsychological battery including 6 different cognitive tests.
Three groups were identified: Sedentary/Disturbed Sleep (SedDS, 53.9%), Intermediately Active/Normal Sleep (IntNS, 34.6%), and Active/Normal Sleep (ActNS, 11.5%). The SedDS group showed greater cognitive decline after 3 year follow-up across all cognitive domains (memory β = -0.061, 95%CI -0.100, -0.021; executive functioning β = -0.049, 95%CI -0.090, -0.008; overall cognition β = -0.067, 95%CI -0.106, -0.027) compared to IntNS. Interestingly, ActNS showed a greater cognitive decline (memory β = -0.065, 95% CI -0.124, -0.005; overall cognition β = -0.062, 95% CI -0.123, -0.002) relative to IntNS.
In mid- and later life, sleep disturbances primarily coincide with a sedentary lifestyle. For optimal cognitive ageing, moderate physical activity seems more beneficial than either sedentary behavior or excessive physical activity to delay accelerated cognitive ageing.
确定在运动活动（休闲久坐、体育活动和睡眠）中所花费时间的潜在类别，对其进行特征描述，并评估它们与中年及老年人记忆力、执行功能和整体认知变化之间的关联。
一项为期3年随访的纵向队列研究。
来自普通人群的非机构化中年及老年人。
来自加拿大老龄化纵向研究的12212名年龄在45 - 86岁之间的成年人。
进行潜在类别分析，根据自我报告的在休闲久坐、步行、中度和剧烈体育活动（使用老年人体育活动量表评估）以及基线睡眠所花费的时间，确定具有可比运动活动的参与者组。使用多变量线性回归模型来检验所确定的组与通过包含6种不同认知测试的经过验证的神经心理测验电池测量的记忆力、执行功能和整体认知的可靠变化之间的关联。
确定了三组：久坐/睡眠障碍组（SedDS，53.9%）、中度活跃/正常睡眠组（IntNS，34.6%）和活跃/正常睡眠组（ActNS，11.5%）。与IntNS组相比，SedDS组在3年随访后在所有认知领域均表现出更大的认知衰退（记忆力β = -0.061，95%CI -0.100，-0.021；执行功能β = -0.049，95%CI -0.090，-0.008；整体认知β = -0.067，95%CI -0.106，-0.027）。有趣的是，相对于IntNS组，ActNS组表现出更大的认知衰退（记忆力β = -0.065, 95% CI -0.124, -0.005；整体认知β = -0.062, 95% CI -0.123, -0.002）。
在中年及老年时期，睡眠障碍主要与久坐的生活方式同时出现。为实现最佳的认知衰老，适度的体育活动似乎比久坐行为或过度体育活动更有利于延缓认知加速衰老。
