Özbayrak-Karapınar Duygu, Arısoy Özden, Yıldız Nebil
Samsun Mental Health and Diseases Hospital, Samsun, Türkiye.
Department of Psychiatry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University Faculty of Medicine, Bolu, Türkiye.
Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2025 Jun 12;62(2):109-118. doi: 10.29399/npa.28775. eCollection 2025.
Alzheimer's dementia (AD) is the most common type of dementia and it is important to detect AD by an appropriately cheap and non-invasive method in the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) phase, which is accepted as the prodromal phase of AD. We aimed to investigate whether AD patients, amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients, and healthy controls (HCs) could be distinguished from each other by using mismatch negativity (MMN) together with neuropsychological tests.
Twenty-one individuals with mild AD, 26 with aMCI, and 18 HCs matched for age, sex, and education were included. Sociodemographic data, neuropsychological tests, Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADL) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scores, and MMN parameters acquired using an auditory oddball paradigm with an interstimulus interval of 1 second were evaluated for all three groups.
There was no difference in terms of MMN latencies but frontal MMN amplitude was significantly lower in AD patients compared to the aMCI and HC groups. Linear regression analysis revealed that IADL scores were predicted by the Fz amplitude and Mini Mental State Examination and apathy scores. Logistic regression analysis showed that Fz amplitude, verbal fluency, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory total scores distinguished AD patients from HCs, while the Stroop 5 completion time distinguished those with MCI from HCs. Age, Fz amplitude, and verbal fluency performance distinguished AD patients from individuals with MCI.
MMN might be a useful approach in differentiating AD from MCI and healthy aging when used together with neuropsychological tests rather than being used alone because it may be affected by confounding factors such as age, severity of temporoparietal neurodegeneration, and duration of the interstimulus interval.
阿尔茨海默病性痴呆（AD）是最常见的痴呆类型，在轻度认知障碍（MCI）阶段通过适当廉价且无创的方法检测AD很重要，MCI阶段被认为是AD的前驱期。我们旨在研究是否可以通过失配负波（MMN）结合神经心理学测试将AD患者、遗忘型MCI（aMCI）患者和健康对照（HCs）区分开来。
纳入21例轻度AD患者、26例aMCI患者以及18例年龄、性别和教育程度相匹配的HCs。对所有三组评估社会人口统计学数据、神经心理学测试、日常生活基本活动（BADL）和日常生活工具性活动（IADL）得分，以及使用刺激间隔为1秒的听觉oddball范式获得的MMN参数。
MMN潜伏期方面无差异，但与aMCI组和HCs组相比，AD患者的额叶MMN波幅显著更低。线性回归分析显示，IADL得分由Fz波幅、简易精神状态检查表和冷漠得分预测。逻辑回归分析表明，Fz波幅、语言流畅性和神经精神科问卷总分可将AD患者与HCs区分开来，而Stroop 5完成时间可将MCI患者与HCs区分开来。年龄、Fz波幅和语言流畅性表现可将AD患者与MCI患者区分开来。
MMN与神经心理学测试一起使用时，可能是区分AD与MCI以及健康衰老的有用方法，而不是单独使用，因为它可能受年龄、颞顶叶神经变性严重程度和刺激间隔持续时间等混杂因素影响。
