Sánchez-Recio Raquel, Oliván-Blázquez Bárbara, Méndez-López Fátima, Gascón-Santos Santiago, Martí-Lluch Ruth, Zabaleta-Del-Olmo Edurne, Tamayo-Morales Olaya, Maderuelo-Fernández José A, Casajuana Marc, López-Jiménez Tomas, Motrico Emma, Gómez-Gómez Irene, Sánchez-Pérez Álvaro, Rodero-Cosano María Luisa, Llobera Joan, Bellón Juan A, Moreno-Peral Patricia, Bolíbar Bonaventura, Recio-Rodríguez José I, Ramos Rafel, Clavería Ana
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Social and Labor Sciences, Research Group on Health Services in Aragon (GRISSA), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Zaragoza Penitentiary Center, Zaragoza, Spain.
Front Psychol. 2025 Jun 13;16:1540530. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1540530. eCollection 2025.
The positive relationship between health and good perceived social support has been widely demonstrated in the scientific literature. It is known that having a good social support influences the proper maintenance of health even as a protective factor, besides being a good predictor in the recovery of health during a disease process, influencing differently men and women.
This project aims to study the moderating effects of perceived social support in the relationship between depression and self-perceived health according to gender, after a complex multiple-risk intervention was carried out in patients of primary health care with low social support.
A cluster randomized clinical trial was developed in the subgroup of patients included in phase 3 of the EIRA project. CONSORT recommendations were followed to present the results. To determine the mediating effect between social support and self-perceived health, three regression analyses were carried out using the procedure designed by Hayes through the PROCESS macro for SPSS.
3,062 people (54.9% women) participated in the study. Men reported experiencing more social support and self-perceived health ( < 0.001) than women at the beginning of the study, but women reported higher social support at post-intervention. Moderation analyses showed that, post-intervention, those women ( = -2.9867, < 0.001) and males ( = -1.4337, < 0.001) who scored lower in depression reported higher social support.
In primary care, it is necessary to encourage intervention strategies that promote social networks as a key element of positive action aimed at maintaining and improving the population's health, especially in adults and more specifically in women.
ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03136211.
健康与良好的社会支持感之间的正向关系已在科学文献中得到广泛证实。众所周知，拥有良好的社会支持不仅是疾病恢复过程中健康恢复的良好预测指标，对男女的影响有所不同，而且作为一种保护因素，还会影响健康的正常维持。
本项目旨在研究在对社会支持度低的初级卫生保健患者进行复杂的多重风险干预后，按性别划分，社会支持感在抑郁症与自我感知健康之间的关系中所起的调节作用。
在EIRA项目第3阶段纳入的患者亚组中开展了一项整群随机临床试验。遵循CONSORT建议来呈现结果。为确定社会支持与自我感知健康之间的中介效应，使用Hayes设计的程序通过SPSS的PROCESS宏进行了三项回归分析。
3062人（54.9%为女性）参与了该研究。在研究开始时，男性报告的社会支持感和自我感知健康状况高于女性（<0.001），但干预后女性报告的社会支持度更高。调节分析表明，干预后，抑郁症得分较低的女性（=-2.9867，<0.001）和男性（=-1.4337，<0.001）报告的社会支持度更高。
在初级保健中，有必要鼓励采取干预策略，将促进社交网络作为旨在维持和改善人群健康的积极行动的关键要素，尤其是在成年人中，更具体地说是在女性中。
ClinicalTrials.gov，标识符NCT03136211。
