Jiang Hancai, Xu Xiaoxian, Wang Shuwan, Song Xinhui, Li Ling, Liu Qingyou, Cui Kuiqing, Shi Deshun, Wang Jian, Li Hui, Huang Jieping, Li Zhipeng
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Breeding and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics, Reproduction and Breeding, Guangxi Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530001, China.
Food Chem (Oxf). 2025 Feb 5;10:100243. doi: 10.1016/j.fochms.2025.100243. eCollection 2025 Jun.
Gene expression and post-transcriptional regulation are key mechanisms affecting lactation performance in dairy animals. However, the difficulty of obtaining mammary gland tissue samples from lactating animals has significantly impeded lactation research. Milk fat globules may be a non-invasive way to obtain mammary transcripts. Here, we aimed to reveal the universal rule of the transcript profiles of the milk fat globules and mammary glands from buffaloes and goats by RNA-sequencing analysis. Results showed that, in buffalo, 97 % of mRNAs were expressed in both milk fat globules and mammary glands, with 45 % showing differential expression. Among 6086 lncRNAs and 7010 miRNAs identified, 35 % and 50 % were differentially expressed, respectively. Of 11,631 circRNAs, only 618 showed significant differences. In goat, more than 99 % of mRNAs and 87 % of ncRNAs (including lncRNAs, circRNAs, and miRNAs) were expressed in both milk fat globules and mammary glands, and over 91 % of mRNAs, 96 % of lncRNAs, 98 % of circRNAs, and 86 % of miRNAs showed no significant differences, suggests that the transcripts in milk fat globules exactly reflect that in the mammary gland. This study suggests that milk fat globules are an effective candidate for non-invasive acquisition of mammary gland transcripts, but their applicability needs further study.
基因表达和转录后调控是影响奶牛泌乳性能的关键机制。然而，从泌乳动物获取乳腺组织样本存在困难，这显著阻碍了泌乳研究。乳脂肪球可能是获取乳腺转录本的一种非侵入性途径。在此，我们旨在通过RNA测序分析揭示水牛和山羊乳脂肪球与乳腺转录谱的普遍规律。结果表明，在水牛中，97%的mRNA在乳脂肪球和乳腺中均有表达，其中45%表现出差异表达。在鉴定出的6086个长链非编码RNA（lncRNA）和7010个微小RNA（miRNA）中，分别有35%和50%表现出差异表达。在11631个环状RNA（circRNA）中，只有618个存在显著差异。在山羊中，超过99%的mRNA和87%的非编码RNA（包括lncRNA、circRNA和miRNA）在乳脂肪球和乳腺中均有表达，且超过91%的mRNA、96%的lncRNA、98%的circRNA和86%的miRNA无显著差异，这表明乳脂肪球中的转录本准确反映了乳腺中的转录本。本研究表明，乳脂肪球是无创获取乳腺转录本的有效候选对象，但其适用性仍需进一步研究。
