三大洲的新型冠状病毒2型抗体免疫情况：西非、西印度群岛、西伦敦联盟

SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunity across three continents: the West Africa, West Indies, West London Consortium.

作者信息

Greenwood David, Hague Oliver, Kwesi-Maliepaard Eliza Mari, Redman Shanice A, Scott Flora, Anzinger Joshua J, Awandare Gordon, Bauer David Lv, Bediako Yaw, Carr Edward J, Carrington Christine Vf, Kucharski Adam, Quashie Peter, Wall Emma C, Wu Mary Y

机构信息

The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.

Yemaachi Biotech, Accra, Ghana.

出版信息

medRxiv. 2025 Jun 14:2025.06.13.25329588. doi: 10.1101/2025.06.13.25329588.

DOI:10.1101/2025.06.13.25329588

PMID:40585115

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12204446/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The experience of the COVID-19 pandemic has differed across continents. We hypothesized that regional differences in SARS-CoV-2 immunity might explain this observation. We therefore established the WWW Consortium in Ghana, W Africa; Jamaica, W Indies; and W London. Here, we describe the extent to which antibody immunity differs between these geographic locations.

METHODS

The WWW Consortium harmonises across the HERITAGE (Accra, Ghana), WINDFall (Kingston, Jamaica) and Legacy (London, UK) studies, establishing sharing frameworks for samples, metadata, and data; related permissions and oversight; and associated physical and cloud infrastructure. With centralised testing, we performed serological assessments across all three locations at two snapshots in 2024 (April 1 - August 18; August 19 - December 31) using high-throughput live virus neutralization and anti-nucleocapsid IgG, including n=763 individuals.

FINDINGS

We found that across all sites most participants had detectable neutralising antibody titres against JN.1 and XEC - the predominant variants in 2024. There were site-related differences in immunity: vaccine-included SARS-CoV-2 strains were better neutralised by participants from the Legacy study - Ancestral, BA.5, XBB.1.5 initially, and JN.1 after a homologous booster in autumn 2024. For HERITAGE, neutralisation of both alpha- (HCoV-229E) and beta-coronaviruses (HCoV-OC43) was higher than WINDFall suggesting a cross-coronavirus serological response in West Africa. Finally, antigenic cartography identified two distinct antibody landscapes, with JN.1 and XEC antigenically distant in Legacy, but not in HERITAGE and WINDFall.

INTERPRETATION

There is international heterogeneity in SARS-CoV-2 antibody immunity. Global recommendations for vaccine strain selection should incorporate data from diverse populations to ensure accurate, equitable recommendations.

FUNDING

The Wellcome Trust.

摘要

背景

新冠疫情在各大洲的经历有所不同。我们推测，SARS-CoV-2免疫力的地区差异可能解释了这一现象。因此，我们在西非的加纳、西印度群岛的牙买加和伦敦西部成立了WWW联盟。在此，我们描述了这些地理位置之间抗体免疫力的差异程度。

方法

WWW联盟协调了HERITAGE（加纳阿克拉）、WINDFall（牙买加金斯敦）和Legacy（英国伦敦）研究，建立了样本、元数据和数据的共享框架；相关权限和监督；以及相关的物理和云基础设施。通过集中检测，我们在2024年的两个时间点（4月1日至8月18日；8月19日至12月31日）对所有三个地点进行了血清学评估，使用高通量活病毒中和试验和抗核衣壳IgG，共纳入763名个体。

研究结果

我们发现，在所有地点，大多数参与者都能检测到针对JN.1和XEC（2024年的主要变体）的中和抗体滴度。免疫力存在与地点相关的差异：来自Legacy研究的参与者对包含疫苗的SARS-CoV-2毒株中和效果更好——最初是原始毒株、BA.5、XBB.1.5，2024年秋季同源加强免疫后是JN.1。对于HERITAGE，对甲型冠状病毒（HCoV-229E）和乙型冠状病毒（HCoV-OC43）的中和作用均高于WINDFall，这表明西非存在交叉冠状病毒血清学反应。最后，抗原图谱确定了两种不同的抗体格局，在Legacy中JN.1和XEC在抗原性上有差异，但在HERITAGE和WINDFall中没有。