Vloet Janneke I A, Bakker Esmée A, van Bakel Bram M A, Kroesen Sophie H, Thijssen Dick H J, Eijsvogels Thijs M H
Department of Medical BioSciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Neth Heart J. 2025 Jun 30. doi: 10.1007/s12471-025-01966-z.
The COVID-19 lockdown negatively impacted physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) levels of the Dutch patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but little is known whether these levels returned to pre-pandemic levels. In this study, we evaluated changes in SB and moderate-to-vigorous PA (MVPA) in CVD patients before, during, and after the COVID-19 pandemic and investigated which factors contributed to not returning to pre-pandemic sedentary levels.
1,028 Dutch CVD patients participated in this prospective cohort study, where we assessed SB and MVPA before (2018), during (2020), and after (2023) the COVID-19 pandemic using validated questionnaires. Linear mixed model analyses were used to investigate changes over time. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed to examine factors associated with not returning to pre-pandemic SB levels.
SB levels significantly increased from 7.8 h/day at pre-pandemic assessment to 8.7 h/day during lockdown and then significantly decreased to 8.5 h/day at the post-pandemic assessment, but did not return to pre-pandemic levels (p = 0.006). MVPA did not significantly change over time. Lower pre-pandemic SB levels, a larger increase in SB during lockdown, self-reported residual complaints after COVID-19, and diagnosis of arrhythmias at baseline were associated with not returning to pre-pandemic SB levels.
Sedentary time in CVD patients did not return to pre-pandemic levels, 3 years following initial COVID-19 lockdown, while levels of MVPA did not change over time. These findings suggest that lifestyle interventions could be considered to reactivate CVD patients and lower their risk of disease progression and adverse health outcomes. SB bij CVD-patiënten keerde niet terug naar het niveau van voor de pandemie, drie jaar na de eerste COVID-19 lockdown, terwijl MVPA onveranderd bleef. Deze bevindingen suggereren dat leefstijlinterventies overwogen kunnen worden om CVD-patiënten opnieuw te activeren en hun risico op ziekteprogressie en nadelige gezondheidseffecten te verlagen.
新冠疫情封锁对荷兰心血管疾病（CVD）患者的身体活动（PA）和久坐行为（SB）水平产生了负面影响，但对于这些水平是否恢复到疫情前水平知之甚少。在本研究中，我们评估了新冠疫情之前、期间和之后CVD患者的SB和中度至剧烈身体活动（MVPA）的变化，并调查了哪些因素导致未恢复到疫情前的久坐水平。
1028名荷兰CVD患者参与了这项前瞻性队列研究，我们使用经过验证的问卷评估了新冠疫情之前（2018年）、期间（2020年）和之后（2023年）的SB和MVPA。使用线性混合模型分析来研究随时间的变化。进行二元逻辑回归分析以检查与未恢复到疫情前SB水平相关的因素。
SB水平从疫情前评估时的每天7.8小时显著增加到封锁期间的每天8.7小时，然后在疫情后评估时显著下降到每天8.5小时，但未恢复到疫情前水平（p = 0.006）。MVPA随时间没有显著变化。疫情前较低的SB水平、封锁期间SB的较大增加、新冠疫情后自我报告的残留症状以及基线时心律失常的诊断与未恢复到疫情前SB水平相关。
在首次新冠疫情封锁三年后，CVD患者的久坐时间未恢复到疫情前水平，而MVPA水平随时间没有变化。这些发现表明，可以考虑采取生活方式干预措施来使CVD患者恢复活动，并降低他们疾病进展和不良健康结果的风险。首次新冠疫情封锁三年后，CVD患者的SB未恢复到疫情前水平，而MVPA保持不变。这些发现表明，可以考虑采取生活方式干预措施来重新激活CVD患者，并降低他们疾病进展和不良健康结果的风险。
