Physical Activity and Health Research Group (PaHerg), Research Institute of the Hospital 12 de Octubre ('imas12'), 7 Planta, Bloque D., Av. de Córdoba s/n, Madrid 28041, Spain.
Department of Systems Biology, University of Alcala, Madrid 28871, Spain.
Eur Heart J. 2023 Jun 1;44(21):1874-1889. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehad170.
There is a pandemic of physical inactivity that appears to parallel the widespread prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Yet, regular physical activity (PA) and exercise can play an important role not only in primary cardiovascular prevention but also in secondary prevention. This review discusses some of the main cardiovascular effects of PA/exercise and the mechanisms involved, including a healthier metabolic milieu with attenuation of systemic chronic inflammation, as well as adaptations at the vascular (antiatherogenic effects) and heart tissue (myocardial regeneration and cardioprotection) levels. The current evidence for safe implementation of PA and exercise in patients with CVD is also summarized.
有一种普遍存在的身体活动不足的现象，这种现象似乎与心血管疾病（CVD）的广泛流行相吻合。然而，有规律的身体活动（PA）和锻炼不仅可以在心血管疾病的一级预防中发挥重要作用，而且在二级预防中也可以发挥重要作用。本文综述了 PA/运动的一些主要心血管效应及其相关机制，包括改善代谢环境，减轻全身慢性炎症，以及在血管（抗动脉粥样硬化作用）和心脏组织（心肌再生和心脏保护）水平的适应性改变。本文还总结了目前关于 CVD 患者安全实施 PA 和运动的证据。
