一种新型减毒且免疫原性高的正痘病毒疫苗可保护小鼠和猕猴免受猴痘感染。
A new attenuated and highly immunogenic orthopoxvirus vaccine protects against mpox in mice and macaques.
作者信息
Xu Fengwen, Huang Yu, Hou Yongzhi, Xie Yu, Huang Baoying, Zhao Fei, Gao Zhao, Chen Chen, Wang Jiaxun, Mei Shan, Hu Yamei, Wang Liming, Wei Liang, Zhang Jingjing, Li Na, Cong Zhe, Ma Jianrong, Zhu Lin, Chen Ting, Lu Jiahan, Wei Qiang, Tan Wenjie, Xue Jing, Guo Fei
机构信息
Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, NHC Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
出版信息
NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Jul 1;10(1):134. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01193-y.
Shortly after 2022, mpox again becomes a public health emergency of international concern as declared by the World Health Organization on August 14, 2024. Smallpox vaccines ACAM2000 and MVA-BN were approved for mpox prevention in several countries. However, the side effects of ACAM2000 and the limited supply of MVA call for the development of new mpox vaccines to prevent mpox and other orthopoxvirus infections. In this study, we engineered a new generation of attenuated and highly immunogenic vaccinia virus named dBTF based on the vaccinia Tiantan strain which is a replication-competent smallpox vaccine widely used in China. The dBTF vaccinia virus is impaired in replication and low in virulence, induces strong vaccinia virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Importantly, single dose of dBTF vaccination effectively protects mice and cynomolgus macaques from mpox virus challenge. These results support the development of dBTF into a new generation of mpox and orthopoxvirus vaccines.
2022年后不久，猴痘再次成为国际关注的突发公共卫生事件，这是世界卫生组织于2024年8月14日宣布的。天花疫苗ACAM2000和MVA-BN在多个国家被批准用于预防猴痘。然而，ACAM2000的副作用以及MVA供应有限，因此需要研发新的猴痘疫苗来预防猴痘和其他正痘病毒感染。在本研究中，我们基于在中国广泛使用的具有复制能力的天花疫苗天坛株痘苗病毒，构建了一种名为dBTF的新一代减毒且高免疫原性的痘苗病毒。dBTF痘苗病毒复制受损且毒力低，可诱导强烈的痘苗病毒特异性体液免疫和细胞免疫反应。重要的是，单剂量接种dBTF可有效保护小鼠和食蟹猴免受猴痘病毒攻击。这些结果支持将dBTF开发成新一代猴痘和正痘病毒疫苗。
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