同源和异源BNT162b2加强免疫后针对SARS-CoV-2变异株的中和抗体和IgG抗体水平的22个月前瞻性评估。

A 22 month prospective assessment of neutralizing and IgG antibody levels against SARS-CoV-2 variants following homologous and heterologous BNT162b2 boosting.

作者信息

Mat Yassim Aini Syahida, Mohd Hisham Anis Atifah, Nik Daud Nik Nur Atiqah, Anuar Nur Diana, Tan Ti-Myen, Suppian Rapeah, Siti Asmaa Mat Jusoh, Mohamad Asri Amiratul Aifa, Azlan Maryam, Idris Nur Suhaila, Muhamad Rosediani, Norazmi Mohd Nor

机构信息

School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.

Sengenics Corporation, Level M, Plaza Zurich, Damansara Heights, 50490, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21175. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05377-3.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-05377-3

PMID:40594462

Abstract

This 22-month cohort study investigated the durability and dynamics of humoral immune responses in 327 Malaysians vaccinated with either CoronaVac or BNT162b2 in early 2021, monitored up to 52 weeks following a BNT162b2 booster. Using the ImmuSAFE™ COVID + microarray, we evaluated IgG-S and NAb against Wuhan-Hu and VoCs (Alpha, Beta, Delta, Omicron), as well as IgG-N responses to Wuhan-Hu. BNT162b2 induced higher IgG-S levels and seropositivity than CoronaVac after primary immunization. While a heterologous CoronaVac-BNT162b2 temporarily increased IgG-S levels, long-term IgG-S levels and seropositivity remained comparable between the two groups across all variants. NAb levels were higher in BNT162b2 recipients than in CoronaVac recipients, with homologous BNT162b2 boosters sustaining higher NAb levels for Wuhan-Hu compared to heterologous BNT162b2-CoronaVac. However, responses to other variants varied. Expectedly, CoronaVac uniquely induced IgG-N responses, resulting in elevated IgG-N levels in heterologous BNT162b2-CoronaVac recipients compared to homologous BNT162b2 recipients. Overall, BNT162b2 boosters conferred robust and durable antibody responses regardless of the primary vaccine used. Higher IgG-N levels prior to immunization, compared to pre-pandemic levels, suggest that prior exposure to circulating SARS-CoV-2 VoCs (other than Wuhan-Hu) in Malaysia shaped immune imprinting, influencing responses before immunization with the Wuhan-Hu-based vaccine. Consequently, this study reports higher IgG-S and NAb levels against VoCs-except Omicron-compared to Wuhan-Hu after COVID-19 vaccination.

摘要

这项为期22个月的队列研究调查了2021年初接种科兴疫苗（CoronaVac）或辉瑞疫苗（BNT162b2）的327名马来西亚人的体液免疫反应的持久性和动态变化，在接种BNT162b2加强针后监测长达52周。使用ImmuSAFE™ COVID +微阵列，我们评估了针对武汉株（Wuhan-Hu）和变异株（Alpha、Beta、Delta、奥密克戎）的IgG-S和中和抗体（NAb），以及对武汉株的IgG-N反应。初次免疫后，BNT162b2诱导的IgG-S水平和血清阳性率高于科兴疫苗。虽然异源的科兴疫苗-辉瑞疫苗方案暂时提高了IgG-S水平，但两组在所有变异株中的长期IgG-S水平和血清阳性率仍然相当。BNT162b2接种者的中和抗体水平高于科兴疫苗接种者，与异源的辉瑞疫苗-科兴疫苗方案相比，同源的辉瑞疫苗加强针使针对武汉株的中和抗体水平维持在更高水平。然而，对其他变异株的反应有所不同。不出所料，科兴疫苗独特地诱导了IgG-N反应，导致异源的辉瑞疫苗-科兴疫苗接种者的IgG-N水平高于同源的辉瑞疫苗接种者。总体而言，无论使用何种初种疫苗，BNT162b2加强针都能产生强大而持久的抗体反应。与疫情前水平相比，免疫前较高的IgG-N水平表明，马来西亚人之前接触过流行的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2变异株（除武汉株外）形成了免疫印记，影响了接种基于武汉株疫苗前的反应。因此，本研究报告称，与接种新冠疫苗后的武汉株相比，针对变异株（奥密克戎除外）的IgG-S和中和抗体水平更高。