Safronov Omid, Bal Güleycan Lutfullahoglu, Sipari Nina, Wilkens Maya, Safdari Pezhman, Smolander Olli-Pekka, Laine Pia K, Lihavainen Jenna, Silvan Niko, Rajaraman Sitaram, Paulin Lars G, Teeri Teemu H, Auvinen Petri, Sarjala Tytti, Overmyer Kirk, Richter Uwe, Salojärvi Jarkko
Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, and Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Institute of Biotechnology, HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21319. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05414-1.
Chaga mushroom (Inonotus obliquus) is a fungal species in the family Hymenochaetaceae (Basidiomycota) and the causative agent of white rot decay in Betula species. We assembled a high-quality 50.7 Mbp genome from PacBio sequencing and identified a lineage-specific whole genome duplication event approximately 1.3 million years ago, which has contributed to a major increase in biochemical diversity in the species through preferential retention of cytochrome P450 superfamily members. Secondary metabolism has further evolved through small-scale segmental duplications, such as tandem duplications within fungal biosynthetic gene clusters. Metabolomic fingerprinting confirmed increased complexity in terpene biosynthesis chemistry compared to related species that lacked the duplication event. This metabolic diversity may have arisen from co-evolution with the primary host species, which evolved high betulin content in its bark 4-8 million years ago.
桦褐孔菌（Inonotus obliquus）是锈革孔菌科（担子菌门）的一种真菌，也是桦木属物种白色腐朽的病原体。我们通过PacBio测序组装了一个高质量的5070万碱基对基因组，并鉴定出约130万年前发生的一次谱系特异性全基因组复制事件，该事件通过优先保留细胞色素P450超家族成员，极大地增加了该物种的生化多样性。次生代谢通过小规模的片段重复进一步进化，例如真菌生物合成基因簇内的串联重复。代谢组指纹图谱证实，与缺乏复制事件的相关物种相比，萜类生物合成化学的复杂性增加。这种代谢多样性可能源于与主要宿主物种的共同进化，该宿主物种在400万至800万年前其树皮中桦木醇含量较高。
