利用枯草芽孢杆菌诱导碳酸钙沉淀进行环境友好型碳捕获的评估，重点关注应用机制和成本效益。

Assessment of ecofriendly carbon capture using Bacillus subtilis induced calcium carbonate precipitation with focus on applications mechanisms and cost efficiency.

作者信息

Danial Amal W, Hasan Raghad M M, Mahmoud Ghada Abd-Elmonsef, Abdel-Basset Refat

机构信息

Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, 71516, Egypt.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21906. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06688-1.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-025-06688-1

PMID:40594560

Abstract

This work focuses on exploiting the naturally occurring microbial calcium carbonate precipitation catalyzed by microbial consortia within lakes and oceans biogeochemistry for carbon dioxide removal from atmosphere. In this work, Bacillus subtilis OQ119616 was used for carbon dioxide sequestration in equi-molar concentrations into Bacillus-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (BICCP). As this process requires alkaline media, urea degradation by urease and nitrogen fixation were traced. BICCP has been formed from calcium salts in the following order: chloride > nitrate > acetate > citrate. However, conversion efficiency percentage (CE%) of calcium salts to CaCO exhibited a different attitude of citrate > acetate > chloride > nitrate. Calcium citrate is excluded from consideration. Acetate, however, is the most efficient salt; it significantly exhibited the highest CE%, with the least cost and highest economic feasibility. The wide range in quantities, efficiency and feasibility indicates the importance of the salt anion in BICCP. In addition, BICCP exhibited applicability in healing concrete cracks, improving field capacity of sand soil and the subsequently improved seed germination of Vicia faba. BICCP was also accompanied by adsorption of heavy metals as partial purging of waste/sewage water for hygiene/reuse. Bacillus subtilis exhibited the ability to perform MICP, utilizing various calcium salts in the following order: chloride > acetate > nitrate > citrate. However, acetate is the most efficient salt of calcium to be converted to calcium carbonate precipitate by B. subtilis, as it exhibited the highest conversion efficiency percentage (g/g %), with the least cost and highest economic feasibility. Carbon dioxide removal (CDR) occurs at simultaneous equity to CaCO precipitation at mole/mole ratios. Economic feasibility (US$/m) showed that BICCP may be applicable in CDR for cleansing carbon dioxide inside closed systems and for environmental safety. The bacterially induced CaCO proved successful applicability in improving the field capacity of sand soil and growth of V. faba, healing concrete cracks and sorption of heavy metals for depolluting sewage/wastewater for hygiene reuse. BICCP could repair concrete cracks of 1-2 mm wide in 7 days by 210 * 10 cells/mL. Adsorption of heavy metals (Pd, Zn, Cd and Cu) for partial removal of contaminants in/from waste/sewage water for hygiene reuse.

摘要

这项工作重点在于利用湖泊和海洋生物地球化学中微生物群落催化的天然微生物碳酸钙沉淀来从大气中去除二氧化碳。在这项工作中，枯草芽孢杆菌OQ119616被用于将等摩尔浓度的二氧化碳封存到芽孢杆菌诱导的碳酸钙沉淀（BICCP）中。由于这个过程需要碱性介质，因此对脲酶催化的尿素降解和固氮进行了追踪。BICCP由钙盐按以下顺序形成：氯化物＞硝酸盐＞乙酸盐＞柠檬酸盐。然而，钙盐转化为碳酸钙的转化效率百分比（CE%）呈现出不同的态势：柠檬酸盐＞乙酸盐＞氯化物＞硝酸盐。柠檬酸钙不予以考虑。然而，乙酸盐是最有效的盐；它显著表现出最高的CE%，成本最低且经济可行性最高。数量、效率和可行性的广泛差异表明了盐阴离子在BICCP中的重要性。此外，BICCP在修复混凝土裂缝、提高砂土田间持水量以及随后提高蚕豆种子发芽率方面表现出适用性。BICCP还伴随着重金属的吸附，可作为对废水/污水进行部分净化以用于卫生/再利用。枯草芽孢杆菌表现出进行微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀（MICP）的能力，利用各种钙盐的顺序为：氯化物＞乙酸盐＞硝酸盐＞柠檬酸盐。然而，乙酸盐是被枯草芽孢杆菌转化为碳酸钙沉淀的最有效的钙盐，因为它表现出最高的转化效率百分比（克/克%），成本最低且经济可行性最高。二氧化碳去除（CDR）以摩尔/摩尔比与碳酸钙沉淀同时进行。经济可行性（美元/米）表明BICCP可能适用于在封闭系统内净化二氧化碳以及实现环境安全的CDR。细菌诱导的碳酸钙在提高砂土田间持水量和蚕豆生长、修复混凝土裂缝以及吸附重金属以净化污水/废水用于卫生再利用方面被证明具有成功的适用性。BICCP可以在7天内通过210×10个细胞/毫升修复1 - 2毫米宽的混凝土裂缝。吸附重金属（钯、锌、镉和铜）以部分去除废水/污水中的污染物用于卫生再利用。