Moreira Silvino Guimarães, Hoogenboom Gerrit, Nunes Marcio Renato, Sanchez Pedro Antõnio
Escola de Ciências Agrárias de Lavras, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Trevo Rotatório Professor Edmir Sá Santos, Lavras, 37203-202, MG, Brazil.
Global Food Systems Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21681. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06377-z.
In this study the effects of adopting circular agricultural practices on the efficiency and recovery of potassium (K) use under tropical conditions was evaluated. The assessment considered two commercial farms, i.e., 3 W Agronegócios (Farm 1) and Santa Helena (Farm 2), located in Brazil. The soil of both farms was under no-till and it was continuously covered throughout the year with cover and cash crops. There were two cropping seasons per year with maize intercropped with brachiaria grass (Urochloa ruziziensis). The leftovers from the silos and part of the crop residues were used to feed the confined animals or as organic compost for the production fields. 860 t (Farm 1) and 307 t (Farm 2) of K fertilizer was applied, while 524 t on Farm 1 and 226 t of K on Farm 2 was exported by the crops and in the live weight of the animals. Most of the K extracted by the crops was returned to the soil as residues. The adoption of circular agriculture practices such as the no-till, crop rotations, cover and cash crops, maize intercropped with grass, and integrated with livestock, resulted in a high K recovery for both farms, i.e. 85% for Farm 1 and > 90% for Farm 2. Further research is needed to evaluate these practices and obtain measurements that were not available in the current on-farm study.
在本研究中，评估了采用循环农业做法对热带条件下钾（K）利用效率和回收率的影响。评估考虑了位于巴西的两个商业农场，即3W Agronegócios（农场1）和圣海伦娜（农场2）。两个农场的土壤均采用免耕法，全年持续覆盖着覆盖作物和经济作物。每年有两个种植季节，玉米与臂形草（鲁齐兹臂形草）间作。筒仓的剩余物和部分作物残渣被用于喂养圈养动物或作为生产田的有机堆肥。农场1施用了860吨钾肥，农场2施用了307吨钾肥，而农场1的作物和动物活体重量输出了524吨钾，农场2输出了226吨钾。作物吸收的大部分钾以残渣形式归还到土壤中。采用免耕、轮作、覆盖作物和经济作物、玉米与草间作以及与畜牧业相结合等循环农业做法，两个农场的钾回收率都很高，即农场1为85%，农场2大于90%。需要进一步研究来评估这些做法，并获取当前农场研究中未有的测量数据。
