Shen Xiang, Li Han, Yan Kui, Zhang Shasha, Li Linan
School of Physical Education, Guangzhou College of Commerce, No. 300, Zhi Zhi Avenue, Huangpu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
Shenzhen Middle School, Shenzhen, 516400, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):21329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05800-9.
This study aimed to compare the effects of complex training (CT) and resistance training (RT) on lower-limb strength and power performance in adolescent long jumpers. It was hypothesized that complex training would result in more significant improvements in performance compared to traditional resistance training. A total of 36 male adolescent long jumpers (mean age 15 years) participated in an 8-week randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomly assigned to either a complex training group (n = 18) or a resistance training group (n = 18). Strength and performance were measured before and after the intervention, including tests for one-repetition maximum (1RM) squat, isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), vertical jump (VJ), standing long jump (SLJ), pre-stretch augmentation percentage (PSAP), and reactive strength index (RSI). Significant group × time interactions were observed for 1RM squat (p = 0.002, Partial η² = 0.965), IMTP (p < 0.001, Partial η² = 0.909), VJ (p < 0.001, Partial η² = 0.798), SLJ (p < 0.001, Partial η² = 0.894), and RSI (p = 0.001, Partial η² = 0.667). PSAP showed no significant interaction (p = 0.156), but a main effect of time was detected (p = 0.030). Complex training is a more effective strategy than resistance training for improving lower-limb strength and power in adolescent long jumpers. The combination of resistance and plyometric exercises in complex training leads to better performance outcomes, making it an optimal training method for long jumpers.
本研究旨在比较综合训练（CT）和阻力训练（RT）对青少年跳远运动员下肢力量和功率表现的影响。研究假设，与传统阻力训练相比，综合训练将在表现上带来更显著的改善。共有36名男性青少年跳远运动员（平均年龄15岁）参与了一项为期8周的随机对照试验。参与者被随机分配到综合训练组（n = 18）或阻力训练组（n = 18）。在干预前后测量力量和表现，包括一次重复最大值（1RM）深蹲、等长大腿中部拉力（IMTP）、垂直跳（VJ）、立定跳远（SLJ）、预拉伸增强百分比（PSAP）和反应力量指数（RSI）测试。观察到1RM深蹲（p = 0.002，偏η² = 0.965）、IMTP（p < 0.001，偏η² = 0.909）、VJ（p < 0.001，偏η² = 0.798）、SLJ（p < 0.001，偏η² = 0.894）和RSI（p = 0.001，偏η² = 0.667）存在显著的组×时间交互作用。PSAP未显示出显著交互作用（p = 0.156），但检测到时间的主效应（p = 0.030）。对于提高青少年跳远运动员的下肢力量和功率，综合训练是比阻力训练更有效的策略。综合训练中阻力和增强式练习的结合带来了更好的表现结果，使其成为跳远运动员的最佳训练方法。
