Furmanczyk Ewa Maria, Tartanus Malgorzata, Malusà Eligio
Department of Plant Protection, The National Institute of Horticultural Research, Skierniewice, 96- 100, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 1;15(1):22422. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06246-9.
Living mulches, particularly when designed with officinal plants, beside competing against weeds of a fruit crop, could provide other ecosystem services. The impact on soil chemical and biological features of Alchemilla vulgaris, Fragaria vesca and Mentha x piperita after four years of establishment as understorey living mulches in an organic apple orchard was evaluated. Soil nutrients level was not affected by the living mulches. The combined effect of season and living mulch affected bacterial activity, which reverberated on phyla and taxa abundance. Only few genera were unique to each living mulch species, but the abundance of 213 genera was differentially modified by the living mulches. The soil level of P and K, the metabolism of several C sources, and the bacterial activity and Shannon Index were highly correlated with the relative abundance of about a third of identified bacterial taxa. The analysis of bacterial abundance data gathered since the establishment of the trial was showing a different trend in shaping bacterial soil microbiome depending on the living mulch species.
活体覆盖物，特别是与药用植物一起设计时，除了能与水果作物的杂草竞争外，还能提供其他生态系统服务。评估了在有机苹果园中作为下层活体覆盖物种植四年后的普通羽衣草、野草莓和胡椒薄荷对土壤化学和生物学特性的影响。土壤养分水平不受活体覆盖物的影响。季节和活体覆盖物的综合作用影响细菌活性，这又反过来影响了菌门和分类单元的丰度。每种活体覆盖物物种仅有少数属是独特的，但有213个属的丰度因活体覆盖物而有差异地改变。土壤中磷和钾的水平、几种碳源的代谢、细菌活性和香农指数与约三分之一已鉴定细菌分类单元的相对丰度高度相关。自试验建立以来收集的细菌丰度数据分析表明，根据活体覆盖物物种的不同，在塑造土壤细菌微生物群落方面呈现出不同的趋势。
