Liu Yong, Rui Yuanyuan, Zhao Zhao, Zhang Yu, Luo Longpeng, Wu Lei, Wei Qingfeng
JiangXi Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, NanChang University, Nanchang, China.
Jiangxi Provincial Cancer Hospital, Nanchang, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):23160. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05020-1.
Early cancer screening is globally acknowledged as a key strategy for reducing cancer mortality and improving treatment efficacy, and has been integrated into core public health policies in many countries. To assess the effectiveness of early cancer screening programs in China and to inform targeted screening strategies for high-risk populations, we examined trends in screening adherence and detection rates for five cancers among individuals aged 40-74 in Nanchang, China. From 2018 to 2022, we used the Cancer Risk Assessment Questionnaire to evaluate cancer risk, referring high-risk individuals to designated hospitals for free clinical screenings by appointment. During this period, 75,554 participants were assessed. The results revealed an overall high-risk rate of 54.12%, with no significant gender difference (53.86% for men and 54.29% for women). The highest risk rate, 61.88%, was observed in the 65-69 age group. Among the cancers studied, lung cancer had the highest risk (29.54%), followed by colorectal (26.02%), upper gastrointestinal (21.40%), breast (20.22%), and liver cancer (11.58%). Notably, all cancer types except breast cancer had higher risk rates in men. The participation rate for breast cancer screening was the highest, followed by those for lung cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, and upper gastrointestinal cancer. As the program progressed, we observed a decrease in the overall high-risk rate and an increase in screening adherence for lung and colorectal cancers. Future efforts should focus on improving screening and monitoring risk factors for the 65-69 age group. Additionally, enhancing awareness campaigns for lung cancer, refining screening methods for upper gastrointestinal cancers, and increasing participation in screening programs are crucial.
早期癌症筛查在全球被公认为是降低癌症死亡率和提高治疗效果的关键策略，并且已被纳入许多国家的核心公共卫生政策。为了评估中国早期癌症筛查项目的有效性，并为高危人群制定针对性的筛查策略，我们研究了中国南昌40-74岁人群中五种癌症的筛查依从性和检出率趋势。2018年至2022年期间，我们使用癌症风险评估问卷评估癌症风险，将高危个体转介至指定医院进行免费预约临床筛查。在此期间，共评估了75554名参与者。结果显示总体高危率为54.12%，性别差异不显著（男性为53.86%，女性为54.29%）。65-69岁年龄组的风险率最高，为61.88%。在所研究的癌症中，肺癌风险最高（29.54%），其次是结直肠癌（26.02%）、上消化道癌（21.40%）、乳腺癌（20.22%）和肝癌（11.58%）。值得注意的是，除乳腺癌外，所有癌症类型在男性中的风险率都更高。乳腺癌筛查的参与率最高，其次是肺癌、肝癌、结直肠癌和上消化道癌。随着项目的推进，我们观察到总体高危率下降，肺癌和结直肠癌的筛查依从性增加。未来的工作应集中在改善65-69岁年龄组的筛查和风险因素监测上。此外，加强肺癌宣传、完善上消化道癌筛查方法以及提高筛查项目的参与度至关重要。
