Lubina O, Daly A, Auzenbaha M, Gailite L, Laktina S, Macdonald A
Children's Clinical University Hospital, Riga, 1004, Latvia.
Institute of Oncology and Molecular Genetics , Riga Stradins University, Riga, 1007, Latvia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jul 2;15(1):22538. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-06633-2.
A phenylalanine (Phe)-restricted diet is the only effective treatment in patients with classical phenylketonuria (PKU) in Latvia. This study analysed the protein and Phe content of 28 foods, including some Latvian-specific foods, aiming to expand the range of foods given to the Latvian PKU population. After consultation with Latvian parents and patients a list of preferred foods for analysis was collated. Preference was given to local foods and products were no or limited information about protein and Phe content was available. All food samples were collected from November 2023 until May 2024. Foods were analyzed by protein and amino acid content and compared with international databases. Phe content is reported as mg Phe/100 g of product. The highest amounts were found in microgreens from peas 200 mg/100 g, nettle 210 mg/100 g, wild garlic 140 mg/100 g.The Phe amount in garden cress and sunflower seed microgreen was 150 mg and 140 mg/100 g. A lower Phe content was found in radish 100 mg/100 g and broccoli microgreens: 97 mg/100 g. This study demonstrates that microgreens, and traditional products like sorrel and nettles should be measured within a Phe restricted diet. Rhubarb, celery stalk, raisins and leeks can be eaten without measurement or restriction.
在拉脱维亚,对于经典型苯丙酮尿症(PKU)患者,限制苯丙氨酸(Phe)饮食是唯一有效的治疗方法。本研究分析了28种食物的蛋白质和苯丙氨酸含量,其中包括一些拉脱维亚特有的食物,旨在扩大提供给拉脱维亚苯丙酮尿症患者群体的食物种类。在咨询拉脱维亚的家长和患者后,整理出了一份用于分析的首选食物清单。优先选择当地食物,以及那些蛋白质和苯丙氨酸含量信息很少或没有相关信息的产品。所有食物样本均于2023年11月至2024年5月采集。通过分析食物的蛋白质和氨基酸含量,并与国际数据库进行比较。苯丙氨酸含量以每100克产品中苯丙氨酸的毫克数报告。豌豆嫩苗中苯丙氨酸含量最高,为200毫克/100克,荨麻为210毫克/100克,野蒜为140毫克/100克。水田芥和向日葵籽嫩苗中的苯丙氨酸含量分别为150毫克/100克和140毫克/100克。萝卜中的苯丙氨酸含量较低,为100毫克/100克,西兰花嫩苗为97毫克/100克。本研究表明,在限制苯丙氨酸饮食中应测定嫩苗以及酢浆草和荨麻等传统产品中的苯丙氨酸含量。大黄、芹菜茎、葡萄干和韭菜可以不限量食用。