Ma Jin-Bao, Qin Ming-Zhao, Cao Kai, Zhang Yong-Peng, Guo Cai-Xia
Cardiovascular Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 Dongjiaominxiang Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
BMC Ophthalmol. 2025 Jul 1;25(1):368. doi: 10.1186/s12886-025-04164-y.
To investigate whether blood pressure and blood glucose levels affect retinal microvascular parameters, reflected by density within 300 μm surrounding the avascular area of the fovea (FAZ), also called FD-300.
A case series study design was used to include patients with essential hypertension and/or type 2 diabetes who were hospitalized in the Department of Geriatrics, Beijing Tongren Hospital, from January 2023 to January 2024. FD-300 was measured via optical coherence tomography angiography. Multivariate linear regression analysis was used to adjust for confounding factors and then explore the influencing factors of FD-300.
Patients were divided into four subgroups according to the quartile of FD-300. The median systolic blood pressure (SBP) levels of the four subgroups were 128 mmHg, 128 mmHg, 126 mmHg, and 121 mmHg, respectively, which were significantly different (p = 0.046). The median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) levels of the four subgroups were 6.50%, 6.40%, 6.50%, and 6.00%, respectively, which were significantly different (p = 0.012). Spearman correlation analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between SBP and FD-300 (r= -0.183, p < 0.05) and between HbA1c and FD-300 (r= -0.207, p < 0.05). Age, disease duration, cystatin C, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were also correlated with FD-300; they were confounding factors and were adjusted by multivariable linear regression. The results revealed that both SBP (β=-0.07, p = 0.005) and HbA1c (β=-1.00, p < 0.001) had significant effects on FD-300.
High blood pressure and glucose levels are risk factors for FD-300. Good control of blood pressure and glucose is of clinical importance for preventing retinal microangiopathy.
NCT05644548 (clinicaltrials.gov).Registration Date: 2022.12.09.
研究血压和血糖水平是否会影响视网膜微血管参数，该参数由黄斑无血管区（FAZ）周围300μm内的密度反映，也称为FD-300。
采用病例系列研究设计，纳入2023年1月至2024年1月在北京同仁医院老年科住院的原发性高血压和/或2型糖尿病患者。通过光学相干断层扫描血管造影测量FD-300。采用多变量线性回归分析调整混杂因素，然后探讨FD-300的影响因素。
根据FD-300的四分位数将患者分为四个亚组。四个亚组的收缩压（SBP）中位数水平分别为128 mmHg、128 mmHg、126 mmHg和121 mmHg，差异有统计学意义（p = 0.046）。四个亚组的糖化血红蛋白（HbA1C）中位数水平分别为6.50%、6.40%、6.50%和6.00%，差异有统计学意义（p = 0.012）。Spearman相关性分析显示SBP与FD-300之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.183，p < 0.05），HbA1c与FD-300之间也存在显著负相关（r = -0.207，p < 0.05）。年龄、病程、胱抑素C和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇也与FD-300相关；它们是混杂因素，并通过多变量线性回归进行了调整。结果显示SBP（β = -0.07，p = 0.005）和HbA1c（β = -1.00，p < 0.001）均对FD-300有显著影响。
高血压和高血糖水平是FD-300的危险因素。良好控制血压和血糖对预防视网膜微血管病变具有临床重要性。
NCT05644548（clinicaltrials.gov）。注册日期：2022年12月9日。
