Characterization of alkaline nuclease from rat liver mitochondria.

The alkaline nuclease (pH optimum 9.0) has been purified about 500-fold in 25% yield from the extract of rat liver mitochondria. The enzyme cleaves yeast RNA, poly(U), poly(U), poly(C) and denatured DNA to yield oligonucleotides with 5'-phosphoryl and 3'-hydroxyl ends. The enzyme has a molecular weight of about 60 000, a sedimentation coefficient of 4 S and an isoelectric point of 9.0. The behaviors of RNAase activity of the nuclease are identical with those of DNAase activity in column chromatography as well as in catalytic nature. The affinities of RNAase activity for substrate, Mg2+, spermidine and polyvinyl sulfate are lower than those of DNAase activity. The alkaline nuclease activity measured in the homogenate of regenerating rat liver is not significantly changed.