Kim Changhae, Cao Zhihan, Kalčíková Gabriela, Putar Ula, Jung Jinho
Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology,, 113 Večna pot, Ljubljana SI-1000, Slovenia; Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Sep 5;495:139110. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.139110. Epub 2025 Jun 30.
Most ecotoxicity studies on microplastics (MPs) have focused on the single species testing, however environmentally relevant risk assessment of MPs requires different approach. The present study conducted an interspecific competition experiment between Daphnia magna and Daphnia pulex under MP fragments (MP) or MP fragments with UV filter benzophenone-3 (MP/BP-3) exposure. In MP exposure, smaller sized D. pulex was more advantageous, showing a significantly (p < 0.05) lower MP uptake and a higher population growth rate. On the other hand, in MP/BP-3 exposure, larger sized D. magna was more advantageous with a significantly (p < 0.05) lower BP-3 bioconcentration and a higher population growth rate. Transcriptomic analysis showed that expression levels of genes related to energy metabolism were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in D. pulex but significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in D. magna under MP exposure. For MP/BP-3 exposure, defense-related genes were significantly (p < 0.05) upregulated in D. magna but significantly (p < 0.05) downregulated in D. pulex. This study highlights different effects of MPs and plastic additives on interspecific interaction in the zooplankton community.
大多数关于微塑料（MPs）的生态毒性研究都集中在单一物种测试上，然而，对 MPs 进行与环境相关的风险评估需要不同的方法。本研究在暴露于 MP 碎片（MP）或含有紫外线过滤剂二苯甲酮 - 3 的 MP 碎片（MP/BP - 3）的条件下，进行了大型溞和蚤状溞之间的种间竞争实验。在 MP 暴露条件下，体型较小的蚤状溞更具优势，其 MP 摄入量显著（p < 0.05）较低，种群增长率较高。另一方面，在 MP/BP - 3 暴露条件下，体型较大的大型溞更具优势，其 BP - 3 生物浓缩显著（p < 0.05）较低，种群增长率较高。转录组分析表明，在 MP 暴露下，蚤状溞中与能量代谢相关的基因表达水平显著（p < 0.05）升高，而大型溞中则显著（p < 0.05）降低。对于 MP/BP - 3 暴露，大型溞中与防御相关的基因显著（p < 0.05）上调，而蚤状溞中则显著（p < 0.05）下调。本研究突出了 MPs 和塑料添加剂对浮游动物群落种间相互作用的不同影响。
