Ma Jingjie, Zhang Xingchao, Chen Sanqian, Zhou Siyu, Ding Jing, Deng Yuting, Hu Jiakang, Wang Fang, Lu Yuanan, Hu Songbo
School of Public Health, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University.
Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Disease Prevention and Public Health, Nanchang University.
Environ Health Prev Med. 2025;30:53. doi: 10.1265/ehpm.25-00057.
High temperatures are known to be associated with an increased risk of self-harm, but the influence of demographic changes and country-level indicators on the burden of heat-related self-harm remains unclear. This study examined the key factors driving changes in self-harm mortality linked to high temperatures and explored their impact at the country level.
This is an ecological study that analyzes data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, the World Bank, and the Climate Research Unit (CRU) were analyzed. Decomposition analyses were used to identify key factors driving changes in high temperature-related self-harm mortality between 1990 and 2021. A panel data model assessed the impact of national indicators on heat-related self-harm mortality.
In 2021, 14,885 deaths globally were attributed to heat-related self-harm, a 41.94% increase from 1990, with low-middle SDI regions accounting for 47.84% of these deaths. While the global death rate from heat-related self-harm declined slightly over this period, South Asia and low-middle SDI regions contributed most to the decline. However, population aging exacerbated mortality rates. Demographic and meteorological factors were also linked to heat-related self-harm.
The global decline in heat-related self-harm mortality is largely driven by reductions in females, low-middle SDI regions, and South Asia. However, population aging and growth in these regions have added to the mortality burden, slowing the overall decline. Factors such as population density are also associated with heat-related self-harm. Targeted measures are needed to mitigate heat-induced self-harm more effectively in future.
高温与自残风险增加有关，但人口结构变化和国家层面指标对与高温相关的自残负担的影响尚不清楚。本研究调查了导致与高温相关的自残死亡率变化的关键因素，并在国家层面探讨了它们的影响。
这是一项生态研究，分析了来自2021年全球疾病负担（GBD）研究、世界银行和气候研究单位（CRU）的数据。采用分解分析来确定1990年至2021年间导致与高温相关的自残死亡率变化的关键因素。面板数据模型评估了国家指标对与高温相关的自残死亡率的影响。
2021年，全球有14885例死亡归因于与高温相关的自残，比1990年增加了41.94%，中低社会人口指数（SDI）地区占这些死亡人数的47.84%。虽然在此期间全球与高温相关的自残死亡率略有下降，但南亚和中低SDI地区对下降的贡献最大。然而，人口老龄化加剧了死亡率。人口和气象因素也与与高温相关的自残有关。
全球与高温相关的自残死亡率下降主要是由于女性、中低SDI地区和南亚地区的减少。然而，这些地区的人口老龄化和增长增加了死亡负担，减缓了总体下降速度。人口密度等因素也与与高温相关的自残有关。未来需要采取有针对性的措施，更有效地减轻高温引发的自残行为。
