Lehmann Fanny, Alary Pierre-Etienne, Rey Grégoire, Slama Rémy
Am J Epidemiol. 2022 Nov 19;191(12):2037-2050. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwac150.
Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in young adults in many Western countries. We examined the short-term association of temperature with cause-specific mortality, comparing suicide with other causes of death and describing possible attenuation of associations with temperature across decades. We considered all deaths that occurred in France between 1968 and 2016. For each cause of death, we conducted a 2-stage meta-analysis of associations with daily temperature. We stratified the association across time periods. A total of 502,017 deaths by suicide were recorded over 49 years. Temperature was monotonically associated with suicide mortality. The strongest association was found at lag 0 days. The relative risk of suicide mortality at the 99th (compared with the 1st) temperature percentile was 1.54 (95% confidence interval, 1.46, 1.63). Among all causes of death, suicide was the only cause displaying a monotonic trend with temperature and ranked seventh for heat-related mortality; 2 other causes of death implying the nervous system ranked third and fourth. Associations with temperature attenuated between the 1968-1984 and 1985-2000 periods for all-cause mortality and suicide mortality, without clear further attenuation in the 2001-2016 period. The robust short-term monotonic association between temperature and suicide risk could be considered in heat effects- and suicide-related prevention campaigns.
自杀是许多西方国家年轻人的主要死因之一。我们研究了温度与特定病因死亡率之间的短期关联，将自杀与其他死因进行比较，并描述了数十年来温度关联可能的减弱情况。我们考虑了1968年至2016年期间在法国发生的所有死亡事件。对于每种死因，我们对与每日温度的关联进行了两阶段的荟萃分析。我们按时间段对关联进行了分层。在49年中总共记录了502,017例自杀死亡。温度与自杀死亡率呈单调关联。在滞后0天时发现最强的关联。在第99百分位数（与第1百分位数相比）的温度下，自杀死亡率的相对风险为1.54（95%置信区间，1.46，1.63）。在所有死因中，自杀是唯一与温度呈单调趋势的死因，在与热相关的死亡率中排名第七；另外两种涉及神经系统的死因分别排名第三和第四。在1968 - 1984年和1985 - 2000年期间，全因死亡率和自杀死亡率与温度的关联减弱，在2001 - 2016年期间没有明显进一步减弱。在与热效应和自杀相关的预防活动中，可以考虑温度与自杀风险之间稳健的短期单调关联。
