Hosseini Mehdi
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Ayatollah Boroujerdi University, Boroujerd, Iran.
Anal Sci. 2025 Sep;41(9):1531-1546. doi: 10.1007/s44211-025-00820-x. Epub 2025 Jul 2.
Thorium contamination poses serious health and environmental risks, highlighting the need reliable detection methods. This study presents a green and engineered analytical system for the selective extraction and determination of thorium ions in ores and aqueous samples. A task-specific hydrazinium-based ionic liquid, 2-(4-hydroxybenzyl)hydrazinium chloride ([Hyim][Cl]), was synthesized and characterized using HNMR, CNMR, FTIR, VSM, and CHNO analysis. The ionic liquid demonstrated strong affinity toward thorium ions and enabled efficient magnetic separation. Experimental parameters were optimized via a design of experiments (DOE) approach. Under optimal conditions, the system achieved 98.6% extraction efficiency, a detection limit of 0.11 µg/L, a quantification limit of 0.22 µg/L, a linear dynamic range of 5.0-200.0 µg/L, intra-day relative standard deviation of 2.17%, inter-day of 2.86%, preconcentration factors of 122, enrichment factor of 100 and recovery rates between 96.4 and100.5% in real water and wastewater samples.
钍污染带来了严重的健康和环境风险，凸显了可靠检测方法的必要性。本研究提出了一种绿色且经过设计的分析系统，用于选择性萃取和测定矿石及水样中的钍离子。合成了一种特定任务的基于肼的离子液体，即2-(4-羟基苄基)肼基氯化物([Hyim][Cl])，并通过核磁共振氢谱(HNMR)、核磁共振碳谱(CNMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)和元素分析(CHNO)对其进行了表征。该离子液体对钍离子表现出很强的亲和力，并实现了高效的磁分离。通过实验设计(DOE)方法对实验参数进行了优化。在最佳条件下，该系统实现了98.6%的萃取效率、0.11 µg/L的检测限、0.22 µg/L的定量限、5.0 - 200.0 µg/L的线性动态范围、日内相对标准偏差为2.17%、日间为2.86%、预富集因子为122、富集因子为100，以及在实际水样和废水样品中的回收率在96.4%至100.5%之间。
