Zhang Zekai, Gao Xuejiao, Gao Lang
Department of Physical Education, Beijing Language and Culture University, Beijing, China.
Faculty of Educational Studies, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia.
BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2025 Jul 2;17(1):160. doi: 10.1186/s13102-025-01194-3.
Although blood flow restriction (BFR) training has been increasingly investigated for its potential to enhance aerobic capacity and performance in endurance athletes, its overall effectiveness remains inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the impact of BFR training on aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and endurance performance in endurance athletes compared to the same training without BFR.
Databases searched included PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SPORTDiscus through September 2024. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the PEDro tool, with meta-analyses conducted using the R program.
A total of 20 studies, involving 407 subjects, were included in the meta-analysis. The results revealed that BFR training had moderate effects on improving VO (ES = 0.465, 95% CI [0.222, 0.707], P < 0.001)) and endurance performance (ES = 0.693, 95% CI [0.252, 1.135], P < 0.01). Additionally, it demonstrated a large effect on maximal strength (ES = 1.022, 95% CI [0.267, 1.778], P < 0.01) and a small effect on aerobic power (ES = 0.315, 95% CI [0.015, 0.616], P < 0.05). Furthermore, subgroup analyses showed that age, athlete level, training duration, frequency, type, and cuff pressure did not significantly moderate the effectiveness of BFR training.
BFR training significantly enhances aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and overall performance in endurance athletes compared to similar training without BFR. This approach provides a practical strategy for improving endurance and strength, especially during periods when high-intensity training is less feasible, such as recovery phases or in-season maintenance.
CRD42024581910.
尽管血液流动限制（BFR）训练因其增强耐力运动员有氧能力和运动表现的潜力而受到越来越多的研究，但它的总体效果仍不明确。本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在评估与不进行BFR的相同训练相比，BFR训练对耐力运动员有氧能力、肌肉力量和耐力表现的影响。
检索的数据库包括截至2024年9月的PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science和SPORTDiscus。使用PEDro工具评估纳入研究的方法学质量，并使用R程序进行荟萃分析。
共有20项研究、407名受试者纳入荟萃分析。结果显示，BFR训练对改善VO（效应量=0.465，95%置信区间[0.222，0.707]，P<0.001）和耐力表现（效应量=0.693，95%置信区间[0.252，1.135]，P<0.01）有中等效果。此外，它对最大力量有较大影响（效应量=1.022，95%置信区间[0.267，1.778]，P<0.01），对有氧功率有较小影响（效应量=0.315，95%置信区间[0.015，0.616]，P<0.05）。此外，亚组分析表明，年龄、运动员水平、训练持续时间、频率、类型和袖带压力对BFR训练效果没有显著的调节作用。
与不进行BFR的类似训练相比，BFR训练能显著提高耐力运动员的有氧能力、肌肉力量和整体表现。这种方法为提高耐力和力量提供了一种实用策略，特别是在高强度训练不太可行的时期，如恢复阶段或赛季中的维持阶段。
PROSPERO注册号：CRD42024581910。
