Mori Daiki, Yamada Takahiro, Fukuma Hiroshi, Nakao Shota, Matsuoka Tetsuya
Rinku General Medical Center Senshu Trauma and Critical Care Center Osaka Japan.
Acute Med Surg. 2025 Jul 2;12(1):e70071. doi: 10.1002/ams2.70071. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Bickerstaff brainstem encephalitis (BBE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by impaired consciousness, ophthalmoplegia, and ataxia. We report two cases of BBE following COVID-19.
Case 1: A 51-year-old male was diagnosed with COVID-19 4 days after fever. He had prolonged loss of consciousness, and developed ophthalmoplegia and ataxia. He was treated with steroids and immunoglobulin, which improved his consciousness. Case 2: A 28-year-old female was diagnosed with COVID-19 because of fever 4 days after contact with a COVID-19 patient. She suffered from prolonged loss of consciousness, ophthalmoplegia, and myoclonus. She was treated with steroids, immunoglobulin, and plasmapheresis, which ameliorated her consciousness.
Both patients developed central nervous system (CNS) symptoms within a week of COVID-19 onset, indicating that BBE develops immediately after prior infection. This disease should be considered if CNS symptoms appear rapidly after COVID-19.
巴洛综合征脑干脑炎（BBE）是一种自身免疫性疾病，其特征为意识障碍、眼肌麻痹和共济失调。我们报告两例新冠病毒病（COVID-19）后发生的BBE病例。
病例1：一名51岁男性在发热4天后被诊断为COVID-19。他出现了长时间的意识丧失，并发展为眼肌麻痹和共济失调。他接受了类固醇和免疫球蛋白治疗，意识得到改善。病例2：一名28岁女性在与一名COVID-19患者接触4天后因发热被诊断为COVID-19。她出现了长时间的意识丧失、眼肌麻痹和肌阵挛。她接受了类固醇、免疫球蛋白和血浆置换治疗，意识得到改善。
两名患者均在COVID-19发病一周内出现中枢神经系统（CNS）症状，表明BBE在先前感染后立即发生。如果在COVID-19后迅速出现CNS症状，应考虑此病。
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