Quintanilla Francisca, Torres Álvaro, Villar Monserrat, Muñoz Catalina, Lizama José, Mena Bárbara
School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile.
School of Medicine, Universidad de Valparaíso, San Felipe 2170000, Chile.
Ecancermedicalscience. 2025 Jun 18;19:1927. doi: 10.3332/ecancer.2025.1927. eCollection 2025.
Mesothelioma is a neoplasm associated with asbestos exposure. Due to the lack of updated national epidemiological data, it was decided to determine the mortality rate (MT) due to mesothelioma during the period 2017-2022 in Chile.
Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study. A descriptive analysis of mortality rate (TM) due to mesothelioma as a basic cause during the period 2017-2022 in Chile in patients aged 45 years and older was performed, analysing the variables sex, age, national region, anatomical site affected and place of death. Data were obtained from the Department of Health Statistics and Information and the National Institute of Statistics and were analysed using Microsoft Office Excel. No evaluation by an ethics committee was required.
We studied 362 deaths, determining a TM for the period of 0.97 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants, where the highest rate was recorded in 2019. There was a predominance in men, with a male excess MT of 2.19, as well as in those over 80 years of age and residents in the region of Arica and Parinacota. In most cases, the tumour location was not determined, but among those identified, the most frequent was of pleural origin. Most deaths occurred at home.
The findings show that the highest MTs are concentrated in men, the elderly and mining regions, groups in which exposure to asbestos is quite probable, both for occupational and residential reasons.
The need to maintain active surveillance and high suspicion for mesothelioma is emphasised, with the application of public health measures for early diagnosis and adequate management.
间皮瘤是一种与接触石棉相关的肿瘤。由于缺乏最新的国家流行病学数据，因此决定确定2017 - 2022年期间智利因间皮瘤导致的死亡率（MT）。
观察性、描述性和横断面研究。对2017 - 2022年期间智利45岁及以上患者因间皮瘤作为基本病因导致的死亡率（TM）进行描述性分析，分析变量包括性别、年龄、国家地区、受影响的解剖部位和死亡地点。数据来自卫生统计与信息部以及国家统计局，并使用微软办公软件Excel进行分析。无需伦理委员会评估。
我们研究了362例死亡病例，确定该期间的TM为每10万居民中有0.97例死亡，其中2019年记录的死亡率最高。男性占主导，男性MT超额率为2.19，80岁以上人群以及阿里卡和帕里纳科塔地区的居民中死亡率也较高。在大多数情况下，肿瘤位置未确定，但在已确定的病例中，最常见的是胸膜起源。大多数死亡发生在家中。
研究结果表明，最高的MT集中在男性、老年人和采矿地区，由于职业和居住原因，这些人群很可能接触石棉。
强调需要对间皮瘤保持积极监测和高度怀疑，并应用公共卫生措施进行早期诊断和适当管理。
