Alfadhli Eman, Darandari Ishraq, Altaweel Maha, Alharbi Sara, Jadw Asma, Aljohani Ghadi, Mohammad Sarah
Medicine Department, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Medicine Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research center, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2025 Jun 18;16:1494452. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2025.1494452. eCollection 2025.
To explore differences in body composition between individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and those without diabetes in Medina, Saudi Arabia, stratified by sex and age.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at Taibah University, four primary care centers, and diabetes center in Medina, Saudi Arabia, from July to September 2023, involving 630 adults with and without T2DM. Body composition was assessed using a bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), measuring weight, body mass index (BMI), total body fat, visceral fat (VF), muscle mass, and bone mass. Participants were grouped into three categories: young age (18-40 years), middle age (41-60 years), and older age (>60 years). Body composition differences between groups were analyzed using independent t-tests.
Of the 630 participants, 42.4% had T2DM. Among young women with T2DM, BMI, total body fat, VF, muscle mass, and bone mass were significantly higher (p < 0.001) compared to women without diabetes. However, their muscle and bone mass percentages were lower. In contrast, no significant differences were found between middle-aged women with and without T2DM. Among older women, those with T2DM had significantly higher BMI (p = 0.030) and VF (p = 0.007). For men, body composition differences were mostly non-significant across age groups, except for lower muscle mass percentage in young men with T2DM (p = 0.013).
Sex- and age-specific differences in body composition exist between adults with and without T2DM. These findings highlight the importance of tailored strategies in T2DM prevention and management. Future research should examine underlying mechanisms and evaluate the impact of targeted interventions.
探讨沙特阿拉伯麦地那2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者与非糖尿病患者之间的身体成分差异，并按性别和年龄分层。
2023年7月至9月在沙特阿拉伯麦地那的泰巴大学、四个初级保健中心和糖尿病中心进行了一项横断面研究，纳入了630名患有和未患有T2DM的成年人。使用生物电阻抗分析（BIA）评估身体成分，测量体重、体重指数（BMI）、全身脂肪、内脏脂肪（VF）、肌肉量和骨量。参与者分为三类：青年（18 - 40岁）、中年（41 - 60岁）和老年（>60岁）。使用独立t检验分析组间身体成分差异。
630名参与者中，42.4%患有T2DM。在患有T2DM的年轻女性中，与未患糖尿病的女性相比，BMI、全身脂肪、VF、肌肉量和骨量显著更高（p < 0.001）。然而，她们的肌肉和骨量百分比更低。相比之下，患有和未患有T2DM的中年女性之间未发现显著差异。在老年女性中，患有T2DM的女性BMI（p = 0.030）和VF（p = 0.007）显著更高。对于男性，除了患有T2DM的年轻男性肌肉量百分比更低（p = 0.013）外，各年龄组之间的身体成分差异大多不显著。
患有和未患有T2DM的成年人之间存在性别和年龄特异性的身体成分差异。这些发现凸显了在T2DM预防和管理中采用针对性策略的重要性。未来的研究应探讨潜在机制并评估针对性干预措施的影响。
